Safe and Efficient Aquaculture "Four Determinations"

First, the determination of water temperature to determine the amount of bait is a variable temperature animal, its digestive ingestion intensity and water temperature, and fish incidence is often closely related to the intensity of fish feeding. In general, the higher the water temperature is, the higher the food intake of the fish is in the moderate temperature range (7~32°C). Therefore, the daily feeding amount must be strictly determined according to the annual water temperature rise and fall rule, so that the fish can eat well, grow quickly, and get less sick. In early spring, when the water temperature rises above 6°C, feed it once a day. Each time the amount of feed is 1% to 3% of the weight of the fish, such as squid, grass carp, squid, etc., and then gradually increase to prevent throwing. Overfeeding causes digestive disorders in fish and causes diseases such as fish enteritis. After May, when the water temperature rises to 15~20°C, the feeding amount can increase to 3% of the fish weight in the pond. From June to September, when the water temperature rises to 25°C, the daily feeding amount can be stabilized. Ponds eat 4% of fish's body weight. Afterwards, as the temperature of the water falls, the amount of feeding will decrease accordingly. In the entire breeding process, feeding and management must adhere to the principle of "four rules".

Second, the transparency of the test to determine the amount of fertilization pond fish the most suitable water transparency is 25 to 30 cm. If the transparency is too low, it means that there is too much fertilizer in the water, the light ability is reduced, and the dissolved oxygen is reduced. At this time, the digestive power of the fish on the feed is reduced and the disease resistance ability is weakened. At this time, the amount of fertilizer should be reduced or the fertilizer should be stopped immediately. If the transparency of the water is too high, it shows that there is a lack of fertilizer in the water, and there are too few plankton, and the fish and fish in the pond grow slowly due to lack of bait, and the disease resistance weakens. At this time, some fertilizer should be applied, generally every 5~7. Tian Shi 1 times, each time the maturity of organic fertilizer per acre 50 to 80 kg or fertilizer 2 to 4 kg. In the fertilization process, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer must be used alternately, and the organic fertilizer needs to be decomposed by fermentation. The chemical fertilizer needs nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.

Third, determine the pH value to determine how to adjust the pH of the fish suitable for growing in neutral or slightly alkaline water, but fish ponds often due to large stock of organic matter, water quality is often acidic, therefore, fish pond water should be regularly tested and timely adjustment The pH of the water body. Perennial fish farming, when the water depth is 1 meter, 20 to 25 kg of lime per acre is used to dissolve the whole pond, and it is spilled once every half month (after the test is applied). In this way, cultured fish can be placed in the best growing water environment. It must be noted that when the pH is higher than 8.5, it is not conducive to fish growth, and when the pH is higher than 10 or lower than 4.5, it will cause fish to die.

IV. Determination of Dissolved Oxygen in Water Determining the appropriate dissolved oxygen level for the amount of feed should not be based on whether the fish is a floating head, but should be based on the normal physiological needs of fish such as appetite. Although supersaturated oxygen in fish ponds is generally not harmful to fish, it causes bubbles in fish when the saturation is high (mainly at the fry stage). Too low dissolved oxygen causes fish floating and pan pools.

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