Walnut tree flowering management 4 points

Flowering management is one of the important links in the production phase of walnut trees in the result period. If you want to obtain good economic benefits, you must strengthen the flowering management of walnut trees.

The flowering management of walnut trees mainly includes sparseness, pollination, water control and disease prevention.

First, Shuxiong:

Walnut trees are all male and female plants with different flowers, male and female flowers are not open at the same time, so the same species of male flowers can not pollinate female flowers, need to configure the pollination tree, and the number of male flowers in the walnut tree is large, the male flower germination, elongation, loose powder, Need to consume large amounts of water and nutrients. Removing a large number of male flowers can save tree nutrients and increase fruit set.

Second, pollination:

The fruit-bearing and debilitating walnut trees have strong parthenogenetic reproduction capacity, and do not pollinate but also have yield. However, in the trees with prosperous young trees and early fruit stages, the fruit setting rate of walnut trees with pollination conditions will be significantly increased, so Planting walnut trees must pay attention to the configuration of pollination trees.

For artificial pollination in a garden without pollination trees, the fruit setting rate of walnuts can be significantly increased. Artificial pollination methods are as follows:

1. Picking powder. In the early stage of male walnut inflorescence loose powder (all pollen grains of male inflorescence become yellow, and a small amount of base powder begins to loosen), the male inflorescence is collected and evenly spread in a ventilated and dry environment. Pay attention to the temperature control at 20～25°C, loose powder During the process, it should be gently turned several times a day. After about 1 to 2 days, the pollen can be dispersed. Then, the fine-mesh sieve is used to sifted. The screened yellow pollen is placed in a dry glass bottle and sealed with a gauze for storage. The pollen of walnuts can be stored in a 0 to 4°C refrigerator for about 20 days, but the germination rate will be significantly reduced. Therefore, it is recommended that walnut pollen be collected when the female flower is first opened.

2. Pollination. In the female flowering stage, the female stigma can be pollinated generally. When the female stigma is bent backwards to show an inverted octagonal shape, when the plumes secrete a lot of mucus and have luster, it is the best time for female flower pollination. Pollination is generally conducted at 8 to 11 o'clock in the morning or 4 to 6 o'clock in the afternoon. During pollination, pollen and filler (starch, medical talcum powder, etc.) are mixed well in a ratio of 1:5 to 10 to conduct pollination. Pollination can be conducted by point or shake method, but do not pollinate in rain, low temperatures, dust, etc.

Third, water control:

Walnut trees consume a lot of water and nutrients during budding, leaf spreading, flowering and shoot lengthening. After the wintering of walnut trees, the moisture in the trees will be lost and the water content of the soil will be reduced to the minimum. Doing well in combination with topdressing spring irrigation prior to the sprouting of the walnut tree is extremely beneficial for promoting the early growth of the walnut tree and flowering fruit set, and it can also prevent the harm of spring cold and night frost. However, before and after the flowering of the walnut trees should be controlled watering, watering will promote the rapid growth of shoots to reduce the distribution of nutrients to young fruit, so that young fruit malnutrition, resulting in fruit drop, so before and after walnut flowering flowers do not water fertilization.

Fourth, disease prevention

Walnut tree flowering period is mainly to pay attention to the prevention of bacterial black spot.

The disease is caused by bacteria. It mainly harms young fruit and leaves, and it also damages young shoots. The young fruit is infected, the fruit surface is brownish and small spots, and the dark flakes become deeper and darker, resulting in the whole walnut and nucleolus becoming black or rot. The pathogenic bacteria overwinter in shoots or buds. Hunchun secrets bacterial fluids through wind and rain, invading from stomata, lenticels, nectaries, and wounds, resulting in infection of leaves, fruit, or tender shoots. The incubation period is 5 to 34 days and it is 10 to 15 days in the field. Walnut flowering period is extremely susceptible to disease, and the incidence of heavy rain in summer is heavy. If there is more rain during the flowering period, we must strengthen the prevention of the disease.

Control methods: 1. Winter and spring to clear the diseased fruit, sick leaves, and reduce the bacteria source base. 2. Increase fertilizer application to promote robust trees and improve resistance to disease. 3. Reasonable pruning, reduce densification, improve ventilation and light transmission conditions, reduce disease occurrence. 4. Before the budding of walnut trees, the whole park sprayed 3 to 5 Baume degrees of lime sulfur. 5. In the middle and late May of May, after the physiological fruit drop of walnuts, the fungicides for controlling bacterial diseases, such as polyoxin, streptomycin, and bacterial spirits, can be added to the fungicides such as mancozeb, dasheng, and Mengsheng. Effectively prevent bacterial black spot disease.

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