How to raise dairy cows in summer

The cows currently reared in China are mostly Holstein cows. Holstein cows are native to the cooler summer in the Netherlands and are resistant to heat and cold. The optimum temperature is 8°C to 16°C. The feed intake is reduced when the temperature exceeds 30°C, weight loss, milk production, etc. Reproductive efficiency decreases and immunity weakens.

1. Adjust the diet

1 In summer, high temperatures and reduced feed intake should increase the palatability, energy concentration, and protein levels of the diet. Maize and soybean cakes account for 40% to 50% and 25% to 30% of concentrates, respectively, and supplement with appropriate amount of alfalfa.

2 Vitamin C can inhibit the increase of body temperature, promote food intake, enhance immunity, stimulate red blood cell formation, protect rumen microbial environment; nicotinic acid can reduce the heat stress in summer, so that milk production and milk composition are not affected.

3 Chinese herbal medicines can relieve heat stress. Gypsum, Radix Isatidis, Radix Scutellariae, Herba Atractylodis, Radix Angelicae Dahurica, Codonopsis Pilosula, Light Bamboo, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch etc. are prepared in proportion to feed cows, which can increase milk production in summer. Adding 0.5% licorice and Banlangen to the concentrate can improve the milking rate of dairy cows in summer.

4 Adding sodium acetate to the diet can relieve the heat stress and significantly increase milk production and milk fat percentage. Adding the anisotropous acid dairy cow additive can make the cow's breathing even, the saliva flow reduced, the appetite increased, the feed conversion rate increased; Benzodiazepine Zhuo compound is a central nervous system tranquilizer. Adding proper amount can promote feed intake, improve endocrine, and increase feed conversion rate.

2. Scientific management

1 When the weather is hot or when the cow breathes out of breath, use a sprayer to spray a small amount of cold water mist on the back of the cow or use 18 to 20°C warm water to scrub the cows.

(2) Disinfect the pens, utensils, equipment, sewage ditch, storage tanks, and food troughs regularly. Keep the barn clean, dry, and cool.

3 Avoid calving and breeding in the summer. No milking is allowed at noon. Wipe the breasts with warm water before milking sooner or later. After milking, use a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution to reduce the incidence of mastitis in dairy cows.

4 In the summer season, mosquitoes and flies are numerous, and biting cows affects the cows' rest, resulting in decreased milk production and disease transmission. The cowshed should be equipped with screens and add drugs such as fly killing to the feed, and strong anti-fly drugs should be sprayed on walls, doors and windows to kill larvae and eggs.

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