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First, cage cultivation
1ã€Cage production cages are generally rectangular, with an area of ​​about 4 to 20 square meters and a height of 1 to 1.2 meters depending on the amount of culture. Net cage materials are generally made of 64 mesh per square centimeter of polyethylene mesh, such as shrimp seedlings. Large, mesh size can also be larger, so that the prawns can not pass through as a principle.
2. Setting of cages Set cage waters to have fresh water, wide water surface, small wind waves, and water depth of more than 1.8 meters. The water level is relatively stable. Non-polluting lakes, ditches, reservoirs, and ponds are better. It is better to have certain waters. Micro-flowing water. There are two types of cages, one is an octagonal fixed type, that is, four wood stakes or bamboo piles, and the eight corners of the cage are fixed on four piles respectively; the other is a wood frame fixed type, that is, wood Sticks or bamboo made of cuboid wooden frame, the cage octagons fixed and then dissolved in the water, the corner of the wooden frame with a rope fixed on the underwater stones or wooden stakes, the cage into the water depth of 0.8-1.0 meters. For example, many cages should be set up so that the distance between the sides of the cage is more than 2 times longer than the length of the cage. The layout is generally “goodsâ€, with the long side facing the direction of the water flow. The cages can be properly stocked with aquatic plants such as water hyacinth or water peanuts.
3. The stocking density of shrimp stocks in general still waters ranges from 1000 to 1,500 per square meter, and the stocking density in the microfluidic waters ranges from 2000 to 3000. Put cages in cages after shrimping.
4. It is better to feed bait to meet the grain bait and other baits are also used. In the cage, bait stations are usually set up, and the daily feeding amount accounts for 15-20% of the shrimp body weight and is fed 3 times a day.
5. There are three main tasks in daily management: one is to remove the dirt inside and outside the cage, and the cage is cleaned to ensure the smooth exchange of water; the second is to check if the cage is damaged to prevent the shrimp from fleeing; and thirdly, to prevent frogs and wild animals. Fish, water snakes, water mice, etc. enter the cage.
Second, pond cultivation
1. Pond Conditions and Preparations The cultivation of juveniles is best for indoor use, followed by cement or earthen ponds that are insulated by plastic sheds. The area should not be too large, 50-200 square meters can be, water depth of 0.8 meters. At the end of the cultivation tank, a shrimp collecting tank with a length of 1-1.5 meters, a breadth of 0.5-0.7 meters and a depth of 0.5 meters can be provided for the juvenile to go out of the pond. At the same time, it is required that the water quality of the cultivation pool is clean and pollution-free, the bottom of the pool is smooth without sludge, the pool wall is firm without water leakage, drainage and irrigation are matched, and drainage is convenient. The larval rearing tank should be disinfected before entering the shrimps. Disinfection can be carried out with lime water, bleaching powder, or chlorinated chlorine. The amount of water used per cubic meter of water is 1000 grams, 100 grams, and 20 grams, respectively. Then add new water; if it is a new cement pool, it should be soaked in water for more than half a month to remove alkali. Regardless of the disinfection method used, water should be tested before releasing. Test water larvae can be used Macrobrachium prawn seedlings can also be used green seedlings. After the test, the water level is increased to 0.6-0.8 meters.
2. The transportation and stocking of shrimps are similar to the transport of fry. There are plastic bags, canvas buckets, wooden barrels and other transportation tools, but in addition to close transport, the vast majority are transported using plastic bags oxygenation.
The shrimp should be put into the pond immediately after reaching the destination, but the temperature difference between the pool water and the transported water must be taken into account. If the temperature difference is too large, two methods can be used to adjust. One way is when the transport distance is relatively short, and the juvenile shrimp pool is prepared with suitable food, it can be unpacked immediately. Put the oxygen-filled bag in the cultivation pond for 5 to 10 minutes, and slowly pour the shrimp into the wood. In the pot container, slowly increase the water in the cultivation pond until the shrimp is fully returned to normal and move freely. Then move the spout into the cultivation tank and pour the shrimp slowly into the water. Another method is to transport the plastic bags in the pool for half an hour when the transport distance is relatively long, and there is no suitable bait in the larval pool. Slowly pour the shrimp into the cage and hold it for 3-4 hours. In general, 20,000 shrimps are kept per square meter. Feeding the egg paste once during temporary feeding, generally only 1 egg per 100 thousand. During the holding period, special personnel shall observe the absence of oxygen in the box and splash water from the cage on a regular basis to prevent the lack of maintenance. Juvenile shrimp breeding stocking density generally 250-300 per square meter dilute shrimp seedlings, incubation period is about 1 month, shrimp can be grown into 3-3.5 cm juvenile shrimp, the survival rate is generally 60-80%.
3, feeding and desalting shrimp seedlings have been converted to omnivorous, do not have to feed animal feed alone, can be fed artificial compound feed. Feeding amount is generally based on dry matter, and the daily feeding amount is 15-20% of the weight of the juvenile shrimp, which is fed three times a day. In order to improve the utilization rate of the bait, especially when cultivating the shrimp in the earthen pond, a bait tray should be set in the pond and be placed around the pond to facilitate the feeding of the juveniles. It is also convenient to check the utilization of the bait and remove the bait.
4, set up concealment and do a good job shading larvae like to climb a variety of attachments, hidden in the water during the day, plants, branches or rubble, come out to feed at night. At the same time, when Macrobrachium rosenbergii is under- or over-concentrated, especially when the juvenile clam shell is not completely hardened, slow action can easily be harmed by other juvenile shrimp. Therefore, in addition to normal feeding and feeding of some animal foods, some natural concealed materials such as branches, bamboo sticks, and tiles should be placed around the bottom of the pool. At the same time, aquatic plants such as water lilies can also be planted in the pond.
The optimum temperature range of Macrobrachium rosenbergii is 20-30 °C. It is hot in summer in southern China. The high water temperature is not suitable for shrimp growth. In particular, the cement pool heats up rapidly under sunlight, so bamboo sheds should be shaded at one end of the cultivation pond. In addition, planting aquatic organisms is also an important measure to avoid sun exposure and prevent excessive water temperature.
V. Water Quality Management Macrobrachium rosenbergii requires sufficient itch, and the metabolism of juvenile shrimp is high and the oxygen consumption is high. Always pay attention to the changes in water quality, change the water in a timely manner, and change the fresh water every 3-5 days. The amount of water to be replaced is about 1/3 of the pool water. The cement pool should remove the residual bait dirt in time to ensure the clean water and adequate dissolved oxygen. If you can maintain a certain micro-flowing water every day, it is more conducive to the growth of shrimp. When changing the water, it should be filtered to prevent the wild fish from mixing and the young shrimp from escaping.
Macrobrachium rosenbergii larva rearing
Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae are cultured primarily in cage culture and pond culture.