In order to adjust the structure of low-salt shrimp cultured species, improve the shrimp pool productivity, and make full use of aquaculture water bodies for multi-species three-dimensional culture. At the end of 2010, we used a shrimp pond in the demonstration area of ​​the Ganwen Ecological Farming in the Zizi Town, Longhai City to carry out the polyculture test of Japanese shrimp, grass shrimp, new penaeus striata, cockroach, yellow fin borer, and muddy crab. Better economic benefits, the main technical links of this ecological polyculture test are as follows: I. Pond conditions The pond area is 1.5 hectares, with independent access and drainage system. The large and small tides can naturally enter the water, the specific gravity of seawater is between 1.0051.015, the ratio of the pond slope is 1:2.5, the sediment quality is sediment, and 1.5KW waterwheel type oxygenation is provided. Machine 3 sets. Second, pre-release preparation work 1. Dredging and slushing: The dry pond cleans the bottom surface of the pond, then exposes it to the ground for a week, plows and flattens the bottom of the pond, reinforces the pool shore, and builds a ditch with a width of 5m and a depth of 0.7m around the pond. Build a 34m wide, 1520m long, 34m long, and 0.250.30m deep trenches on the central beach of the inner side of the ring ditch 20 days ahead of schedule. It is convenient for drainage and operation management, flattening and total area of ​​ponds. 15% of the area. 2. Pond Disinfection: About 15 days prior to planting, 0.20.3 m of seawater was included and disinfected with quicklime, 50ppm bleach or 20ppm tea cake. After 35 days, the mud was turned 0.20.3cm and leveled. 3. Cultivate basic bait: Intake water 2030cm 10 days before seedling, apply 5ppm urea, 1ppm phosphate fertilizer or 4-5ppm compound fertilizer, keep the water color yellow or light brown. Third, seed delivery 1. The seedlings were planted and planted in November (the mid-October of the lunar calendar). The seedlings were planted at a density of 3004.5 million grains/ha and a specification of 12,000 grains/kg. 2. The shrimps were released at the beginning of December and stocked with Japanese shrimps, with a density of 150,000/ha and a specification of 12cm. In April of the following year, the grass seedlings were desalinated, with a density of 4.575 million pigs per hectare and a size of 12 cm. Afterwards, 23 batches of seedlings, 3.04 million pigs per hectare, were planted per hectare according to the actual situation. Control within 150,000. In September, the stock of new shrimp was desalinated, with a density of 75,000 tails per hectare and a size of 12 cm. 3. Fish fry were released in late March and stocked with yellow fins, with a density of 222.550 thousand/ha and a size of 35 cm. 4. Serrata crab crabs were released in April to raise fringe crabs, with a density of 12,000/ha and a size of 30/kg. Afterwards, they “pushed†23 batches according to their seed supply, and they can also make small monthly payments. The launch amounted to 15,200 per hectare. Fourth, develop management 1. Timely water transfer seedlings in the early stage of the lower pond, the water level is maintained at 2030cm, under normal circumstances, every 23 days influent water 1020cm to maintain fertilizer water, to fill the water level, which is conducive to the growth of earthworms. Usually drained once every 15 days, so that the dry water, the local commonly known as "back" to promote spasm activities, and clean up the surface of the algae. After entering the summer, the temperature of the hot and humid water is high. In particular, to ensure good water quality, the amount of water must be increased to maintain the transparency of the pool water at 3040cm. In the middle and late breeding period, a high-efficiency bottom net or high-quality zeolite powder with a concentration of 2-4 ppm is splashed every 15 days to purify the sediment of the pond. 2. Feeding prawn is mainly based on bait. The amount of bait is calculated according to the weight of prawn. In April, after mixing the yellow finned oyster and the blue crab, fresh low-value shellfish (such as duckbill) should be properly placed. Keep fresh and low-value shellfish in the shrimp ponds every day. This will not only prevent shrimps and crabs from eating food, but also make full use of the food organisms and organic debris in the water to purify the water and maintain a good water color. 3. The patrol pond inspects the morning and evening patrol ponds to check the leakage of the ponds and the facilities for preventing escape into the sluice gates. Observe the activities, feeding and growth of shrimps, fish, crabs, and clams. 4. Disease prevention and control (1) Multi-species multi-round catching rotation can make shrimps in low-density state for a long period of time, and there is a low chance of cross-infection between fish, shrimp, and crabs. Infected shrimps are in good condition, and most of them can be cultured to harvest specifications. . If a certain batch of shrimp died from disease in production, generally some of them survived, and they also caused less deaths of rotating seedlings. In the 12 tidal periods (1530 days), shrimp harvested quickly. (2) Using grass shrimp in the sparse raising and low salinity culture environment, the growth rate is obviously differentiated. It can reduce the pressure on the shrimp pond and keep the farming environment stable. After the first batch of grass shrimp is bred for 5060 days, it can begin to harvest commercial shrimp with a size of 15g or more. After the harvest begins, the shrimp can be collected every day. According to the growth and disease status of the shrimp, the mesh screen can be flexibly changed. Important disease prevention measures, sick shrimp infection generally through the "agitated period", "lag period" until death, shrimp collection in the "agitated period" can reduce losses and further infection. (3) In the peak season of shrimp disease, the amount of blue crabs was controlled and the shrimps were used to control the shrimps to control the spread of shrimp disease. By observing the daily shrimp harvested by the fixed nets, the status of shrimp diseases in the pond can be basically understood. If illnesses occur, the amount of feeding of serrata crabs should be reduced immediately, or even feeding should be stopped. (4) Reduce shrimp and crab virus cross infection. Serrata blue crabs will ingest the sickly prawn, and the production can be observed in the morphological characteristics of the white-spotted crab (spotted maculata), which is distinctly different from the brown spot disease. Brown spotted brown spotted pierced armor. The white spot leukoplakia is as gray as the white spot of the shrimp but not Fester Piercing), but white-striped serrata generally does not die, only the pool of dead shrimp is greater than the total food intake of S. marginata, the rancid squid will be caused by S. marginata ingestion will lead to S. marginata. As a result of the round of catching shrimps, a large number of dead shrimps are generally rare. Regular application of 35ppm bleach or 510ppm tea bran cake in the production, in addition to disinfection, can also stimulate the early death of some diseased shrimp in the pool and be eaten by Serratia marginalis, which can reduce the concentration of death. Fifth, timely harvest In mid-February, the Japanese prawn harvested. After the Japanese prawn was harvested at less than the end of March, the pupa had an average body length of 79 cm or more and a weight of 6,070 granules per kg. Individuals were plump, and they could be drained and sold, usually one-off. After the catch. In April, the first group of grass prawn stocks were bred for 5060 days, and they began to harvest commercial shrimp with a size of 15g or more. The grazing nets can be harvested and kept small by using different mesh nets. After harvesting, they can be harvested daily. Receive shrimp, harvest specifications can be controlled. Similarly, yellow finned bream and cleavable blue crab can use different nets to catch large and stay small, and choose good plumpness for timely listing of blue crabs to control the breeding density.
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Low salinity shrimp polyp, fish, shrimp and crab polyculture