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Cotton scale transgenic technology system
A high-efficiency cotton transgenic technology system, which is mainly mediated by Agrobacterium and pollen tube pathways, supplemented by particle gun bombardment, was established. The annual output of transgenic cotton plants was more than 2,000, and the initial scale of transgenic cotton was initially achieved. The differences in culture methods, screening methods and applicable varieties of different transformation methods were compared. It was found that the new high-quality cotton variety “Zhongmiansi 24†could be used as a model variety for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, and the transformation period was shortened to 6 months. The callus induction rate of embryoid bodies in most recipient cotton varieties reached 20% and the highest was 60%; the initial conversion rate reached an average of 1.74%. A group of resistant transgenic materials with good agronomic traits and stable resistance were obtained through the pollen tube pathway method. A technique system for transforming the shoot tip of upland cotton using particle bombardment method was preliminarily established, and the stem tip conversion rate reached an average of 6.6%. The plant grafting technology was successfully applied to the rapid propagation of transgenic cotton, and the survival rate of transformed seedlings reached more than 10%, which laid a good technical foundation for further factory-scale and large-scale cotton transformation. Using this technology system, we successfully obtained transgenic lines including more than 10 varieties such as Zhongmiansuo 17 and 27 and Ganmian 3, and all of the acceptor materials used were excellent varieties of upland cotton cultivated in China to promote cotton in China. It is of great significance for biotechnology breeding and accelerating the industrial application process. There are now two varieties that have been approved by national varieties and applied to commercial production. The research level is at the leading position in the domestic similar research and reaches the international advanced level.
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