A few days ago, the greenhouse shrimp in most parts of southern China entered the peak of investment, and the greenhouse investment in Fujian was also at the end. Due to the unfavorable culture in the previous period, the farmers hoped to place their trust in the greenhouse shrimp. In today's increasingly difficult South American shrimp culture, whether the seedlings are successful or not, whether the 30-day risk period after the seedlings can be spent is a key factor affecting the success of greenhouse culture. Here are eight key points to share greenhouses with seedlings. Hardware facilities Early construction of the greenhouse frame (wood piles, cement piles) must not be delayed until the seedlings are released. If you put the seedlings and then go to build a greenhouse frame, you need to operate the pool, it will affect the water bottom. Qing Tong Before releasing the seedlings, sort out the ponds and do a good job of dredging and drying ponds. About 15 days before planting, bleaching powder 20 kg to 30 kg/mu or quicklime 150 kg to 200 kg/mu was used to disinfect ponds thoroughly. Dry clear ponds are recommended: Method To keep the average water level at the bottom of the pool at about 5 cm. The bleached lake or quicklime of the above amount should be splashed and splashed on the whole pond. Remember that the pond wall and pond road must be spilled and disinfected. Specific analysis of specific conditions according to pond bottoms and water conditions adjustment method and dosage, such as: acidic soil to increase the amount of quicklime; alkaline soil is best to use bleach or strong chlorine fine; cement pool or film tank can also use potassium permanganate To clear the pond; if there is miscellaneous fish or snails at the bottom of the pool, you also need to use tea seed cake to kill, and so on. Among the disinfectants used in the clear pond, the efficacy time of quicklime is 5 days to 10 days, and the effective time of other medicines is generally 1 day to 3 days (such as chlorine preparations, oxidants, etc.). However, it should be noted that the effective time of the drug remains! There will be residual medicines, especially the chlorine preparations, although the efficacy of the time is 1 day to 3 days, but there may be residue after 7 days. Common misunderstandings Here, farmers need to be reminded that in many areas of soil and ponds, there is a big misunderstanding: When using quicklime to clear ponds, lime is placed on the ground, water is poured, and the lime is cooled before it is splashed. This is completely wrong practice. . Reason: The reason why quick lime can clear the pond is to use lime to meet the water, and the calcium hydroxide produced will kill pathogens and other organisms. If it waits until it cools, the quicklime reacts to calcium carbonate, which has no killing effect on the pathogen. During the 16 years that the author visited Tangtou, until today, people who make such mistakes still abound. A lot of earthen ponds have failed to grow in greenhouses. The root cause lies in the fact that the ponds are not completely thorough or the methods are wrong. The correct way to use quicklime is to dig a few small pits at the bottom of the pond before clearing the pond, and then put the quicklime into the solution. Do not wait for the cooling to immediately spill the whole pool. It is also possible to use large iron drums and add hydration to the bucket. One thing to note here is: Regardless of the type of medicine used during the clear pond, remember to wear a pair of pants or rain boots. Do not step barefoot on the bottom of the pool. Otherwise, the high concentration of medicines will seriously corrode the soles of your feet. Clear Pond concluded that there are too many farmers who are not doing enough or even completely wrong. Clear work does not work well, equal to lost in the starting line! Please do not think that the clear pond is very simple and it must be done carefully and meticulously. Water intake, secondary disinfection 1. After 2 days to 3 days in the clear pond, you can enter the water (choosing clear lime ponds, take a long time and then refill the water). The water inlet should be packed with a dense mesh to prevent from entering the fish, snails, parasites, etc. from the water source. After the water enters the seedling level, secondary disinfection of the pond water is required. Chlorine dioxide, strong chlorine extract, dibromohydantoin, povidone-iodine and other conventional disinfectants can be selected. 2. After entering the water, it is necessary to install and open the water tanker to promote the convection and aeration of the water body and ensure that the water body is in the “live†state. Especially at sunny noon, be sure to open the waterwheel. This is what 80% of the earthen pond farmers did not do. Why must we do this step? Example: If, at this stage, an ammonia-nitrogen nitrite is detected, without any medicine, the water tanker will open for seven consecutive days and the ammonia-nitrogen nitrite will degrade. In turn, if you don't use a waterwheel, it's hard to have an effect to degrade ammonia-nitrogen-nitrogen. Fertilizer problem After entering the water, after the secondary disinfection, it is necessary to start the fertilizer and water, and the beautiful water can be released. First of all, the pH value of P. vannamei is not the same in the early and late stages. Normal pH (before 3 cm) is preferably between 7.5 and 8.5, and the later pH (after 5 cm) is preferably between 8.0 and 9.0. In general terms, the early period is appropriately lower, and the survival rate is guaranteed; when the latter period is higher, nitrite is rare. Ten months before the Lunar Calendar: According to the practice of the author, please verify the following cases: The pH is about 15 o'clock in the afternoon, the pH of the water source is 8.0, and the pond bottom is neutral (in the plastic film pool and cement pool); after pumping into the pool, the pH of the pond water Immediately 8.5; after a few days or a little fertilizer, the pH value of 9.0; put the seedlings into the pool, 2 days to 3 days and then measured the pH value is 9.5 or more. The above cases were more pronounced in the March-April lunar month and the August-September lunar month. If during this process, in order to pursue a beautiful water color, the pH will be more than 10 from 2 days to 3 days after seedling. It should be noted that the empty pool is the above rule, if it is the same time the prawn pond, this situation will not occur, please verify the difference. This is when the greenhouse seedlings are put into use 10 months before the lunar calendar. The reason is that if the fertilizer is overdone, the pH will be higher than expected. Therefore, in the management stage of investment and seedling management before October of the lunar calendar, the author suggested that the water should be released and seedlings, and if necessary, the live water (bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria) should be the main fertilizer. Not only that, if the pH is high at the seedling stage, the pH needs to be degraded. Lunar seedlings after October: After 10 months of the lunar calendar, the ground temperature of the water temperature is relatively low. In this period of investment, it is necessary to make fertilizer to ensure the stability of water quality and color. At the low temperature stage, if you put the seedlings in the wrong place, it would be wrong to do something improperly. Summary of fertilizer and water issues: The pollution of the external environment, the eutrophication of the entire natural water body, has caused a series of problems in today's farming. Take management of the seedling period, it is totally different from 10 years ago five years ago. 10 years ago, regardless of the season, no fertilizer, the water may never be fat; 5 years ago, a little fertilizer, the water is fat; today, without fertilizer, the water is already very fat! This is a popular phrase among farmers: the root cause of “clearing the waterâ€. However, in many places, there are still a lot of farmers who do not know this sentence, because too much water at the seedling stage, the pH is too high, resulting in too many losses of dead shrimp. Whether it is water or not, it is necessary to combine the weather, water temperature and other conditions, but also to check the pH of the pond, analyze all the conditions, and then decide on management measures. It must not be cultured in accordance with the summer breeding methods. Even if the greenhouses are also planted in different greenhouses, the management measures may be diametrically opposite. High pH treatment measures: EM water transfer king (or lactic acid bacteria king) 1 liter ~ 2 liters + brown sugar 5 pounds ~ 8 pounds / mu one meter level. 8 to 9 in the morning. Alkali-reducing organisms are safe and effective. Re-emphasizing that, before releasing seedlings and within one month of seedling stage, the pH value must be prevented from being too high. According to the author's experience, the lunar calendar was released from March to April and from August to September, and 99% of the ponds had high pH values. . Seedlings 1. Select large manufacturers of high quality shrimp seedlings. 2. Test seedlings: This section is now omitted by many farmers, I think it is still very necessary. The test seedlings are best set up in the middle of the pond with a dense mesh, and the results are observed in two 24 and 48 hours. Key measures to improve the survival rate of seedlings One to two days before the aerator is released, the aerator will continue to keep the water “liveâ€. After releasing the seedlings, it is also necessary to keep the aerator more reasonable and ensure that the dissolved oxygen is sufficient. Change the water to the bottom of the seedlings 1 day before the seedlings (3 hours in advance), and use the medicine to purify the water and improve the bottom. The reason: If the water body is too much suspended matter, it will affect the aphid breathing of the shrimp seedlings, purify the water quality and improve the bottom matter in advance, which can effectively improve the adaptability of the shrimp seedlings after entering the pool. One hour before the release of detoxification, the drug is spilled, which not only relieves the residual of the disinfectant, but also effectively improves the physical strength and vitality of the shrimp after entering the pool. Calcium-supplying shrimps must be stressed under the stress of 17 to 18 o'clock about the same time, and they should be kept for 1 to 3 days before they reach 3 cm. Reason: When the shrimp enters the pool that night, it will surely shell. Seedling operation measures 1. After entering the field, the seedling bag is first placed on the surface of the pond for 10 minutes to 30 minutes so that the water temperature of the seedling bag and the pond is the same. 2. Put the seedlings at the shelter (upwind outlet), avoiding the dead end of the downtake and the pond. 3. Open the bag mouth and first pour the pond water, and then the bag mouth below the water surface, slightly tilted, so that the shrimp seedlings first swim out part of it, then poured out below the water surface. 4. When the seedlings are released, their movements should be light and the power should be uniform. Avoid using the inverted method to place the seedlings directly. The above operations may seem simple, but the author finds that in practice, 80% of the farmers in Article 2 and Article 3 are not in place. For example, Article 2, after the shrimp seedlings enter the pool, because of the influence of the wind, all the seedling bags will be blown to the lower tuyere. The farmers usually start to unpack the seedlings directly. Note that the lower tuyere not only has more suspended organic matter, but also affects the respiration of the larvae of the shrimp seedlings. It also has a large wavy bottom. When the shrimp seedlings enter the pond, they must also spend a lot of physical strength to resist the storm. The following tuyere placement will affect the survival rate of the seedlings. of. For example, in the third point, too many farmers in the operation, the bag mouth mentioned above the water, directly poured out above the water. The details determine the success or failure. The same seedlings are released by different people. Many times it is not because of water quality problems. It is because of the operating practices that the survival rate of seedlings has already been different. Warm cover notes 1. Under normal circumstances, the shrimp body is relatively warm and shed slightly later, and the shrimp body is slightly warmer than earlier. 2. First put the pond after the seedling film cover the film, when you cover the greenhouse film, you can not all seal all at once, you should first cover half or so, slowly pull the film. 3. According to the lunar calendar and the weather, it is decided to build a greenhouse. It is not only a short time weather condition but also a lunar shed in accordance with the lunar calendar. Do not cover the membrane with rush of cold air once. 4. After the temperature-covered film is tightly closed, it is necessary to pay attention to the timing of ventilation at noon on sunny days, especially after November of the lunar calendar. Warm culture, cover film removal film, are a science. Looking at the lunar calendar and looking at the current weather, we have to look at the weather forecast. At the same time, we must observe the north and south winds, shrimp size, shrimp physique, water quality, sediment quality, etc., to determine the reasonable time for the greenhouse construction. It must not be generalized. to sum up In a simple release, we need to pay close attention to many points. Each key point can actually be written as an article. Therefore, this article focuses on some of the misunderstandings and the key points of putting greenhouses in greenhouses. I hope to give you some inspiration. I will have the opportunity to tell you about the management of seedlings in greenhouses.
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The key point for raising greenhouse seedlings in greenhouse