Sunflower downy mildew prevention method

Sunflower downy mildew often causes death of seedlings and dwarfing of diseased plants. Seedling death is caused by infection by bacteria on the seed of the bacteria. Dwarfing of the diseased plants is caused by the growth of the plants being inhibited by germs, shortening the internodes, making the stems thin and the leaves small. Shrinkage, light green color and a layer of white fabric on the back. There are two cases of this disease strain. First, the growth of the diseased plant is severely inhibited, and it will die at the seedling stage, or even if it does not die, the diseased plant cannot form a flower disk. Finally, the top bud turns brown and dies. In the other case, the diseased plant can form a flower disk and bloom, but the flower disk is small and the seed setting rate is very low.

Large amounts of spring rainfall and wet soil can easily promote the occurrence of downy mildew. In spring, when the soil temperature is low, the seedlings will be unearthed, the length of the embryos will be long when they stay in the soil, and the chance of being infected by the bacteria in the soil will increase, and the disease will increase accordingly; Overburdening the soil and slowly excavating the seedlings will also increase the severity of the disease.

The prevention and control of sunflower downy mildew is mainly to adopt breeding resistant varieties. Other measures can only play a role in reducing the incidence and cannot completely solve the problem.

1. Breeding disease-resistant varieties; pay attention to the selection of disease-resistant varieties and eliminate susceptible varieties.

2. Agricultural measures: The diseased plants were completely removed and burned; after the autumn harvest, field sunflower residues were removed to reduce the source of overwintering bacteria in the field. Sunflowers cannot be made in succession. In addition, timely sowing can make the seeds germinate earlier, faster to unearth, can reduce the incidence.

3. Seed treatment: Seeds before seeding can be killed by using 50% thiram seed dressing with 0.5% seed weight or soaking with a constant temperature of 58-60°C for 10-20 minutes.

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