Summer cotton management to prevent bad bell

Due to the summer and summer rainy weather, the weather in the middle of August to mid-September is the most critical. Generally early autumn rain, more, high rotten bell rate. More rainy days, less sunshine, lower temperatures led to a decline in the physiological function of the cotton plant, delay of the cracking period, intrusion and reproduction of beneficial bacteria, and the occurrence of boll disease. In the event of water accumulation in the rain bells, the germs are more likely to spread and invade, which aggravates the occurrence of rotten bells.

Disease. There are two major types of diseases that cause rotten bells: The first is that the germs directly infect cotton bolls that are healthy and harmless, such as epidemics, anthrax, and keratoses. The disease bacteria can directly invade the bell joints and cause the disease. The second is that cotton bolls that have been infected by pathogens have invaded the wound and caused boll disease, such as red rot, pinkish pink, and soft rot. The bolls on the first fruit branch to the fifth fruit branch are usually susceptible to disease, and the cotton boll on the fifth fruit branch is light. This is because pathogenic bacteria live on the surface, and the lower fruit branches are close to the surface, and the rain splash pathogen soil smears the bolls, causing the bacteria to infect and cause the rotten bell.

Insect pests. Insect pests have been seriously affected in recent years, causing boll injuries, such as bollworms, red bollworms, and cotton blind locusts. The damage to bolls formed in the case of cotton bolls causes the germs to invade, spread and multiply, resulting in the occurrence of rotten bells.

Farmers put in too much nitrogen fertilizer, excessive planting density in the shade in the fields, and extensive management, especially in the cotton field where the cotton plant grows too far. The humidity in the field and poor ventilation and light transmission can also cause infestation of pathogens, and the occurrence of rotten bells tends to be heavy.

Prevention:

1. Fine pruning, timely control. Do a good job of pruning and pushing plants and ridges. Doing a good job in the middle and late cotton pruning is an effective measure to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions in the cotton field, reduce the humidity in the field, and control the rotten bell. For the growing up of cotton fields, we must take timely measures such as breaking the heart, removing buds, cutting empty branches, playing the old leaves, pushing the plants and ridges and removing empty trees, etc. to improve ventilation and light conditions in the cotton fields, and control the occurrence and development of the bad bells. High-density cotton fields in the autumn, push the plant and ridge 2-3 times, can effectively reduce the humidity in the field, control the growth of long and bad bell, and promote the maturity of boll opening. Timely chemical control timely spraying plant growth regulators such as mesitride, dildo-amine, control of cotton plant height, prevention of cotton growth, shaping of cotton plants into a "pagoda shape", reaching the lower seal, ventilation, light transmission, lightening The occurrence of bell disease.

2. Do a good job of drainage and flood prevention in cotton fields as soon as possible. Before the onset of the rainy season, clear the drainage as soon as possible so that there will be no stagnant water in the field after heavy rain and no harm will occur. Continuous autumn rain, even if there is no accumulation of water in the field, can cause the field humidity is too large, lack of light, resulting in the occurrence of rotten bell. After the flowering of cotton, it is an effective measure to prevent the lodging of the cotton plant, prevent the accumulation of water in the field after the rain, reduce the humidity in the field, control the reproduction of the bacteria, and reduce the occurrence of the rotten bell.

3. Strengthen pest control. More than 60% of the cotton rotten bells are caused by pests and diseases. They focus on the prevention and control of bollworm pests such as bollworms and red bollworms to reduce wounds and prevent the invasion of pathogens. Kung fu, beta-cypermethrin, and methomyl can be used for spraying. Pesticides control pests. In addition, attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of spraying in the early stage of the occurrence of the rotten bell. If the rotten bell is heavy, the control effect will be very poor. Can use 75% chlorothalonil WP 600 times, or 50% carbendazim WP 500 times, 10% of the World High Water Dispersible granules 1000 times, aligned in the middle and lower part of the cotton plant QingZhou thoughtful Sprinkle, spray again every 6-8 days, spray 2-3 times. Pay attention to the boll bolls before the spraying, so as not to reduce the quality of the cotton fiber due to spraying the liquid.

4. Pick up rotten bells early. During the period of the occurrence of the rotten bell, a thorough inspection of the cotton field was conducted in time. The robbery that had occurred or was about to occur should be timely plucked and taken out of the field to reduce the source of the disease. The cotton bolls that were picked were soaked in 1% ethephon solution and then dried, which promoted rapid cracking of the bolls and improved fiber quality. At the same time, peeling, drying, and harvesting the rotten bells in time can reduce the loss of rotten bells.

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