Several problems that should be paid attention to in shrimp and crab breeding in rice fields

1. Problems with holdings: In the new environment, newly hatched juvenile crabs will crawl everywhere in the paddy fields or in the ditch system to meet the needs of the complex ecological environment of rice fields. This will have a destructive effect on the seedlings that have just lived. Therefore, in the field engineering design, a temporary holding pool with a depth of 1.2 meters (1:2.5 in gradient) should be excavated at the inlet, which accounts for 8%-10% of the rice paddy area, which not only ensures the adaptability of young crabs to the environment, but also facilitates Intensive cultivation (especially the early breeding of large ocular larvae and the cultivation of juvenile shrimp), improved market specifications and survival rates. At the same time, the rice seedlings were planted in the paddy field after the seedlings were planted to reduce the emergence of the seedlings.

2, grass problems: As the saying goes "crab size, see plants." In order to understand the natural ecological environment of shrimps and crabs, it is necessary to transplant plants such as bittergrass and black-green algae in ring ditch and field ditch after disinfection in paddy fields. The suitable ecological environment is conducive to the inhabitability of shrimps, crabs and clam shells, and it also facilitates shading and cooling in summer, as well as the prevention of excessive water quality (the water level in paddy fields is shallow, the water temperature in summer is high, the fertilizer and water in paddy fields are fast, and the water quality is strong). At the same time, it plays a hidden role. (Locally added tea trees are used to make shrimp and crab nests. The results are very good. Green shrimps are usually easily copied under the dip nets in the shrimp nest, and they are caught and listed), reducing predator attacks, including attacks of the same type and attacking crabs and prawns. Satisfy the needs of shrimp and crab feeding roots of plants. With the increase of food intake of crabs, rice fields and ditch water plants will gradually decrease, and artificial diets such as duckweed and river grass are needed to be artificially added to ensure that the paddy fields are rich in aquatic plants and reduce the damage of crabs to seedlings. In the paddy field, shrimp and crab cultures cover about 30% of the surface of aquatic plants, not exceeding 50%, and too much will affect shrimp production (poor illumination, less plankton, water quality, and large populations of moss and attached algae).

3, fertilization problems: paddy field base fertilizer should be sufficient, should be decomposed organic fertilizer (cake fat 200kg-300kg) mainly applied in the tillage layer before transplanting, to achieve the purpose of long-term, to avoid excessive fertilizer difficult to control the water quality, resulting in Hypoxia in the water body. Top dressing should be done "a few times." The chemical fertilizers harmful to shrimps and crabs (such as ammonia and ammonium bicarbonate) are forbidden. Generally, top dressing is once a month, urea is 5 kg/mu, compound fertilizer is 10 kg/mu, and there is no adverse effect on shrimps and crabs. Fertilization should avoid large amounts of crab shells.

4. Application of pesticides: The seedlings are selected to be resistant to fertility, not easy to fall down, and have high yields, especially for diseases and insect pests, such as 95 series, Shanyou 63, Nanyou 6, Liuyou 1, Wuyujing 2, Wuyujing No. 3 and Salty No. 187. Shrimp and crab are very sensitive to many pesticides. In order to use as little or as little as possible, it should be applied 1 to 2 times before Putian to effectively deliver the herbs. If you need to use it after transplanting, you should use high-efficiency, low-toxicity pesticides and spray on rice leaves. Do not spray into the water as much as possible. Control rice aphids, mu with 200 ml of 18% insecticide, double water and 75 kg of water spray; control rice planthoppers, 50 grams of 25% per acre with 25 grams of WP water and spray; control of rice leaf streak, rice blast , Mu with 50% of the 40 grams of ethidium bromide water spray; control of rice sheath blight, rice smut disease, mu efficiency Zengjingmycin 250 ml plus water spray. Spraying agent should be carried out in the afternoon. Since rice leaves are dried in the afternoon, most of the liquids are absorbed on rice. At the same time, add 20 centimeters of water to the fields before spraying and change the water promptly after spraying. Application of pesticides should avoid a lot of shell crab period.

5, field problems: the sun should be light-roasted, not completely dehydrated, the water level can be reduced to the field exposed, and the time is short. It was found that shrimps and crabs were abnormally injected, and it is best to bake a field before the shrimps and crabs enter the rice field.

6, water quality regulation issues: shallow water level in paddy fields, especially in summer should maintain fresh water, dissolved oxygen is sufficient. Found that the water level is too shallow or the water quality is too fat (after fertilization). Paddy fields generally add water between 10:00 am and 11:00 am. When the river water temperature is close to the water temperature of the paddy fields, the irrigation is done on the side and the irrigation is not urgent. The temperature difference is not large and the water level is relatively stable. Change the water 1/5-1/4 per week at the end of June, change the water 3 times - 4 times per week from July to August, preferably once a day (or microfluidic), change the water volume 1/3; every 5 months after September Change the water once every 10 days, change the water every 1/4-1/3. The transparency of the hot season is 40 centimeters, generally controlled at 25 centimeters to 30 centimeters. Holding ponds and gutters are regularly spilled with quick lime, 15 days-20 days, 5 kg-10 kg per mu.

7, predator problems: rice field shrimp and crab breeding more predators (such as frogs, clams, water snakes, loach, jaundice, water rat, etc.), in addition to a thorough clear pond, into the drainage with a 40 mesh -48 mesh double sieve filter It is very important to clear the enemy from the field. General predators can be captured by conventional methods, and the concentration of 10*10-6 can also be eliminated. If the water rat is more harmful, a variety of methods such as rat poison, hamster, and mouse clip can be used for prevention and control.

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