Scientists say type I diabetes immunotherapy shows great promise

Scientists say type I diabetes immunotherapy shows great promise

Release date: 2015-11-30

Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, said on the 25th that an immunotherapy using autoimmune cells from patients has shown great promise in early clinical trials for the treatment of type 1 diabetes.

The researchers reported in a new issue of the journal Science Translational Medicine that therapy uses immune cells called regulatory T cells in the blood of patients with type 1 diabetes, not only in phase I clinical trials demonstrating safety. There are no serious side effects, and these cells can exist in the patient for at least one year.

Jeffrey Bluestone, the first author of the paper and a professor at the University of California, San Francisco, said in a statement that if the new treatment proves to protect the body's ability to secrete insulin in further tests, it will become "Changers of the rules of the game."

According to Blustone, type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the patient's own immune cells mistakenly destroy insulin-producing cells. Many type 1 diabetes therapies hope to achieve therapeutic goals by inhibiting the body's immune response, but such treatments often cause serious side effects and increase the risk of infection or cancer in patients. Immunotherapy uses the patient's own regulatory T cells to reduce the damage of the immune system to insulin-producing cells without compromising the immune system's ability to fight infection.

In Phase I clinical trials, the researchers first extracted 2 small cups of blood from patients with type 1 diabetes and then isolated 2 million to 4 million regulatory T cells, which increased by 1500 times in laboratory. According to Blustone, the regulatory T cell activity enhanced by this process can repair a defective immune response in patients with type 1 diabetes and survive for a long time in the patient.

In this trial, 14 patients between the ages of 18 and 43 were divided into 4 groups and received a random number of autoregulatory T cells. The least number of them were 5 million regulatory T cells, the most 2.6 billion. Regulatory T cells. The results showed that all four groups were well tolerated, and up to 25% of the cells were detected in patients after one year.

Based on this result, the researchers are now preparing Phase II clinical trials to validate the effectiveness of this therapy. "Using the patient's own cells is an exciting new pillar in drug discovery, and we look forward to regulatory T cells becoming an important part of treating diabetes in the future," said Bluestone.

Source: Bio Valley

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