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Pueraria artificial high-yielding cultivation techniques
Pueraria is also known as Pueraria lobata and G. vinei, which are leguminous genus Pueraria. Pueraria is rich in starch, isoflavones, calcium, selenium, iron, copper, phosphorus, potassium, and more than a dozen trace elements necessary for the human body. It has "fighting grain, no hunger, no stagnation, no fever, no thirst." , Appetizing food, anti-cancer treatment and other effects. Is the emerging green health longevity food and export tight products. Pueraria root is a treasure, the bark fiber can be twisted rope, weaving cloth, but also for papermaking raw materials. The leaves are excellent green feed and can be fed pigs and rabbits. Geza can be used as a mushroom cultivation base. Tubers are rich in starch and can be processed into health foods. Ge Hua can be made of Pueraria sinensis tea, which has wonderful magical effect of anti-alcoholism and inhibits postpartum women's various diseases. It also has breast enhancement and cosmetic effects. Pueraria radix artificial cultivation benefits significantly, 1-2 years can produce benefits. At present, the market price of Pueraria powder is about 20,000 yuan, and the export export price is about 30,000 tons. The artificial cultivation of Pueraria lobata varieties can produce 1500 kg of starch per mu, with an output value of about 30,000 yuan. Since the development of Pueraria lobata has good prospects, artificial cultivation has gradually attracted people's attention. Artificial open-air cultivation methods are introduced as follows: First, the selection of good varieties of Pueraria is to obtain better economic benefits, so when selecting good varieties should be selected high-yield pueraria seedlings, such as high-yield and quick-growing Pueraria 119, wood Pueraria, pueraria 3 , Song Kui Gegen and other species, must not be the province of the provincial Kudzu and crude fiber local varieties, otherwise it will result in low efficiency. Second, plastic film nursery 1, nutrient seedbed preparation: Select leeward sunny, sandy soil, no livestock or poultry hazards of the mountain or garden seedbed. The seedbeds are ridged 15-20 centimeters in height, 60-100 centimeters in ridge width, and of unlimited length. Per square meter of cooked glutinous fertilizer or soil fertilizer 1.5-2.5 kg. Deeply turned flat, the middle of the seedbed slightly raised, the width of the groove on both sides is 20-30 cm. 2. Seed-row seeding operations: (1) The seedbeds should be fully moistened before seeding; (2) The good-quality seedlings of Gefu, with one branch shoot as a species, should be selected to grow the shoot section to a length of 6-10 cm. , Disperse in a good seed bed, in order to avoid overlapping, cover the 2-3 mm thick fine soil, in principle, to achieve looming, and then spread some cooked manure, then cover with a layer of straw; (3) with 2 meters The bamboo or bamboo strips are inserted into the arched bed in a seedbed and inserted every 35 centimeters. Covering the agricultural film, the seedbed is fully covered with an arch, and the surrounding soil is compacted. 3. Seedbed Management: (1) Water: Due to the low temperature during the seedling period, the water consumption of the strip water is not large. If the ridge surface is dry for about 10 days, it can be watered once. When the roots are planted, the water needs to be properly increased, and water should be poured every 3 days to keep the seedbed fully moistened; (2) Temperature: The seedbed temperature is appropriate at about 20°C. When the temperature reaches above 30°C, the membrane should be ventilated or water sprayed to adjust the temperature; (3) Shade: The covered straw should be uncovered when the seed is sprouting to avoid direct sunlight. It is suitable for sunny days at noon. Shade, to prevent burns; (4) lifting: seedlings growing twigs, exhibition leaves 3, 5 cm in length can be carried out with soil from the seedlings, lifting the seedlings should be light to avoid injury. Third, the election site preparation 1, selection: artificial cultivation of Pueraria, to obtain high yield, we must first choose a good place. First, we can use sweet potatoes and soybeans to replant. The second is to choose sandy soil with thick soil and good drainage. 2. Site preparation and ridging: Site preparation starts in mid-February and 500 kg of fertilizer is applied per acre before the site preparation, 500 kg of stove ash, 50 kg of calcium, magnesium and phosphate fertilizer or 200 kg of compound fertilizer. In the field preparation, like the sweet potato ridge, the ridge height is 60-70 cm, and the ridge length is determined by the convenience of land operation. Fourth, the rational close planting At the end of February to mid-March, choose cloudy weather without windy transplanting, before transplanting the seedbed to be irrigated in order to raise the soil with soil. 500-700 plants per acre are planted at a distance of one meter or so. Before transplanting seedlings, the seedlings are discharged on ridges according to the spacing of the plants. Then, dig small holes, put the seedlings in the caves, cover 2 cm of fine soil, and compact the soil with both hands. Yes. Fifth, to strengthen the management 1, fill the seedlings and fertilization: After transplanting seedlings, may be appropriate to use diluted human and animal waste water rooting, and pay attention to inspection, found dead seedlings in time to make up. When the seedling grows to about 30 centimeters, it must be hydrated twice. It can be sprayed with 0.3% to 0.5% of urea water, sprayed once every 15 days, and then can be topdressed appropriately. 2. Cultivating weeds and controlling pests and diseases: When glucosamine grows to 1-2 meters, it should be cultivated and weeded. Although pueraria has strong resistance, it will inevitably lead to some diseases and pests, especially in the critical season of tuber growth in June and August, in order to keep the leaves vigorous, if necessary, to carry out no-drug drug control or control with lime powder. Sixth, the harvest and retention of Pueraria can be excavated in the same year, but also in the second year. Generally 11-12 months, the highest starch content. When digging, you can dig big and stay small, and invest once to benefit in the long run. Pueraria genus is mainly vegetatively propagated, and it is also possible to select stout and pure plant vines as seed species for the second year. Generally, they can be planted at 1.5 meters above the pod.
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