Key measures to increase the productivity of large-scale sow farms

Sow productivity refers to the ability of each sow to provide weaned piglets each year. The strength of production capacity directly affects the efficiency of pig breeding. Only by increasing the fertility of sows can we lay a good foundation for the rearing and management of pigs. There are many factors that restrict the productivity of sows. The key control points are as follows. The age structure of sow herds

The age structure has a great influence on the fertility of sow populations, especially the effect on the number of ovulation. The breeding of sows in general pig breeds is in the range of 2 to 7 fetuses. After the 8th fetus, the litter size and the survival rate of piglets decrease gradually. Based on this, the useful life of the sow in large-scale pig farms should not exceed 3 years to 4 years, and 25% to 30% of the herds should be renewed every year. The sows with higher productivity may be appropriately extended for their useful lives. The timely selection and elimination of sows is a guarantee for the production of a pig farm, so that the pigs have the key measures with higher production capacity. Feeding of gilts

Management measures Selection of gilts: Screening must be carried out from the offspring of high-yielding sows. The number of litter-born piglets must be at least nine, and the birth weight of piglets is 1.2 kg to 1.5 kg. The selected gilts had at least 6 pairs of well-developed, well-distributed nipples, of which at least 3 corresponded before the umbilicus. The sows should be of good body shape, with a strong and well-balanced body, a straight topline, a strong and tidy body, no genetic defects, and good external genitalia. About 180 days old, the first estrus can be punctual, the motherhood is good, and the strong stress-resistance is reserved for gilts. When selecting gilts for outsourcing, they must be selected in breeding pig farms in the non-epidemic area, and work on isolation and epidemic prevention. When gilts are fed, special materials should be given and clean drinking water should be provided to allow the bones and reproductive organs to fully develop and the sows to meet the required standards. A small group was raised, with 3 heads per head and 5 heads, each head occupying a circle area of ​​1 square meter, keeping its normal development. In order to ensure timely estrus in gilts, hooves can be stimulated by hoops, hoops and adult boars. If you reach the estrus period without heat, then you will be eliminated.

The initial selection of estrus and breeding gilts was conducted at 220 days to 230 days and weights greater than 120 kg. If mating early, the normal development of the sow will be affected and the number of litters will decrease. Observe the estrus carefully, timely breeding, the effective time of breeding is 12 hours -36 hours after the onset of estrus, 1 situation with 2 times, the first time after breeding 12 hours and then matched with 1 times. Artificial insemination can be used conditionally, which can reduce costs and reduce epidemic infections. It is also not limited by the size of male and female sows, reducing the number of breeding boars and improving the efficiency of raising pigs.

The gilt's nutrition can't use the fat pig feed to feed the gilt, otherwise it will cause the sow to be over-fat, and there will be problems such as non-estrus, low birth weight, and too fast growth. It can feed self-made special materials suitable for the development and reproduction of sows and reduce other additive substances that are not useful for sows.

Empty sow rearing

After sow weaning, most sows become thin, poorly bred and lack nutrition. At this time, feed formulation should be adjusted as soon as possible to restore the sow's constitution. Mainly in the feed to increase protein and vitamin feeds, improve physical fitness and follicle development ability, increase the number of ovulation, promote its early estrous mating. If the time is too long, it will cause great economic losses to the farming enterprises.

Management of nursing sows

Good and bad nursing sows are related to the growth and development of piglets. The quality and quantity of sows feed intake are directly related to the amount of lactation. Strengthening sow lactation nutrition, the implementation of high-energy, high protein, unlimited feeding is the best way to raise. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the sow's nutritional needs for minerals such as calcium, phosphorus, salt, trace elements, and vitamins ensure sufficient drinking water. To have a good environment, to create a quiet and comfortable sow, good hygiene, no stress, cool in winter and cool in summer, no pollution and good conditions for piglets to grow healthily.

Promote sows estrus ovulation

Young sows have fewer ovulations during estrus and increase the number of ovulations during their estrus, which can increase litter size. Therefore, when raising young sows, both hope that it is early estrus, but also hope it ovulate. There are many measures to promote ovulation in sows. The following are common.

Boar stimulation. Boar stimuli include visual, olfactory, auditory, and physical contact. These stimuli have a large role in promoting ovulation in sows, sexually motivated boars and adult boars have more stimulatory effects than young boars and poor boar boars. More effective. The sows to be bred should be housed in a column adjacent to the adult boar, so that the sow is often subjected to boar form, odour and sound stimulation, and the adult boar is chasing sows every day in the waiting sows. Minutes - 20 minutes, this will allow direct contact between the sow and the boar, but also play a test role.

Strengthen your exercise. Artificially driving away the movement is a stress to the sow, which can increase blood circulation in the body, increase blood flow in the ovary, increase estrogen secretion, and promote early estrus in the sow.

Injecting hormones. Found 12 hours to 24 hours after sow estrus, intramuscular injection of ovulation hormone No. 3 25mgl branch, can promote the increase of follicles, early maturation, early ovulation, increase the breeding rate and farrowing rate.

Sows estrus and breeding

Sow during estrus. The estrus cycle of sows ranges from 18 days to 21 days with an average of 21 days. In one cycle, the four stages of pre-estrus, prolate estrus, late estrus, and off-season are experienced. From the early estrus to late estrus, they are collectively called estrus. The estrus of sows varies from individual to individual. The shortest is only 1 day, the longest is 6 days to 7 days, and usually 3 days to 4 days. Young sows have a shorter estrus period than sows.

Sows breeding methods. The breeding methods of sows were divided into single breeding, double breeding and repeated breeding according to the number of breeding. According to the form of mating, the present artificial insemination is divided. In some sows, the external performance is very obvious, or although there is estrus performance, but there is no standing reflex when the boar is not present, then the boar will be required to determine whether the sow is estrus and whether it reaches the most Best time. Doing anti-epidemic work

Whether it is a gilt or a sow, the vaccination should be done in a timely manner. At the time of injection, attention should be paid to the period of pregnancy. According to the vaccine instructions, the note must be noted, especially for newborn piglets, and immunization must be carried out in accordance with the epidemic prevention procedures and the occurrence of infectious diseases should be strictly controlled. At the same time, in the normal feeding of piglets and sows, intraplant and house disinfection work should be done to ensure that there are no viruses and bacteria in the environment so that each pig can grow up healthily.

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