Fermented bed chickens are suitable for raising broilers and layer chickens. Three-dimensional laying hen cages can be cultured on the fermentation bed by means of artificial mechanical tumbling. First, choose healthy chicken Most of the broiler chickens and chickens are farmed on the outsourcing chicks, and the quality of the purchased chicks has a great influence on the brooding effect, and directly affects the level of aquaculture efficiency. In order to improve the survival rate of brooding, we must strictly control the quality of our broodstock collections and strictly select them to ensure that the provenance is reliable, the chicken breeds are pure, and the chicklings are healthy. We must also ensure that they come from non-epidemic areas. In accordance with the criteria of "chicken, hairy, boned, eyeful, lively and active" of the chicks, the method of "one look, two touches and three listens" is used to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the chicks. Second, control the breeding density The chickens in the fermentation bed are generally controlled to have a slightly smaller breeding density than traditional chickens. It is recommended that there be 33 animals at 1-7 days of age per square meter and 22-25 at 8-21 days of age. There were 14-16 25-35 days old and 8-10 days old 36-56. In addition, the broiler breeding density can be appropriately increased in the winter to facilitate the increase of temperature in the shed. Third, cleaning and disinfection work Before breeding chicks, they must be cleaned and sterilized. If it is a new greenhouse, it can be simply disinfected. It can be spray-sterilized with 1 packet of germ-killing water and 50 kilograms of water; if it is an old greenhouse, use germs to clear 1 packet and dilute 20 kilograms of water on barn, roof, wall and cage. The equipment, food troughs, mixing places and utensils, and the surrounding environment shall be spray-disinfected (not litter) and shall be soaked thoroughly in each place, and it is advisable to sterilize it again after three days. After the disinfectant odor disappeared (3 days later), litter was simply mixed and sprayed, and 10 kg diluted health care solution was sprayed at 2 kg per square meter. The surface litter controlled the moisture content at 25% (seemingly wet, but If you pinch it hard, you can't squeeze the water and put it on your hand. At the same time, there must be a warm-up process before entering the chicks to maintain the temperature in the brooding shed at 32-35°C. Four, often observe feces Fermented-bed chickens do not require artificial burial of feces as in pig-raising beds. Basically, chickens use their feet to grind their own excrements in litter. However, it is recommended to turn the 10 cm deep litter every 20 days. Chickens in the fermentation bed do not need to be frequently replenished with water. Even in the summer, it takes only 2-3 days to use a 100-fold solution of health care to spray once. The chicken body cannot be sprayed. In winter and rainy seasons, it can be sprayed for a long time, which is mainly determined by the humidity of the surface of the litter. For the general individual chicken diarrhea phenomenon, should be singled out for isolation treatment, can be put back to the fermentation bed after curing. The excrement of the diseased chicken needs to be removed. At the same time, lime powder (or pure health care solution) is sprinkled (sprinkled) on the excrement, and the excrement and lime are buried in the 20 cm deep fermentation mattress material. Fifth, pay attention to observe the thick padding and pad surface humidity The addition of fermented mattress materials is usually done after each batch of chickens has been slaughtered (or every 3-4 months) with a very small amount of new litter (about 5%) or after the two batches of chickens have been slaughtered (6-8 months) ). This is different from the fact that other fermentation bed technologies (or strains) supplement about 10% of new bedding every month. The added litter can be directly used with inert main raw material (preferably sawdust), plus clean water and health liquid bacteria (for every 100 kg of sawdust, 50 kg of water and +1 kg of health care liquid must be added for mixing). The water content of the surface litter is controlled at 25%-30%. The first is to ensure that the house is not humid, and the second is not to raise dust. If the dust is raised, it will affect the chicken's respiratory system. The thickness control of litter varies with different seasons. In winter, it is better to add some litter, and some are better. In the summer, some litter can be reduced, and no smell in the breeding house prevails. In addition, if the farming density is relatively large, it should be thicker. VI. Maintenance of Microecological Balance of Vibrant Microecological Litter In addition to maintenance based on the above amount of litter and moisture content, it is mainly based on smell to diagnose whether the fermentation bed is in normal operation. The well-functioning micro ecological litter should have a scent and a raw taste. If there is ammonia smell and light odor in the litter, it means that the feces may not be decomposed, excreted excreta exceeds the digestive capacity of the micro ecological litter, then can be solved by the following four points: 1 increase the thickness of the litter, especially In the winter, or when the weather turns cold, it cannot be solved by other measures. 2 Adding vital bacteria, such as adding health fluid, can splash the health fluid on the surface of the litter, or flip the litter into 15 Within the centimeters of the inner layer; 1-2 kilograms of high vitality health care solution per square meter; 3 flipping the bedding layer, loosening the bedding, and enhancing the fermentation effect, this practice is in the litter relative to the compaction or litter moisture is too high In the case of; 4 to reduce the stocking density, this approach is carried out in the chicks into the medium-large chicken stage, the need for density adjustment. A good livelihood of micro-ecological litter can be used continuously for more than 3 years or even 10 years. If litter accelerates and the ability to decompose fecal urine drops, replacement of litter may be considered. When replacing, dig 10-20 cm above the old bedding layer. The bottom layer of pad material smells normal and even smells. It can be used as a germplasm source and it is not necessary to replace it. Just add the upper layer of padding. Seven, temperature control problems in greenhouses The suitable temperature for the chickens in the fermentation bed is: 32-34°C at 1-7 days, 24-30°C at 8-28 days, and maintained at 21-35°C at 29 days of age. The method of adjusting the temperature is ventilation, such as using a roller blind method to make the two sides of the greenhouse longitudinally ventilated, or open the skylight for vertical ventilation. For regular ventilation, it is recommended to open the window for ventilation at a high temperature every noon to reduce the humidity in the house and also to remove excess ammonia, dust, carbon dioxide and other harmful gases, thereby reducing the occurrence of chicken respiratory and intestinal diseases. 8. Control of light intensity and time in greenhouses Light intensity and time are not related to the fermentation bed itself, but it is also one of the issues that must be considered in raising chickens. The purpose of light is to prolong the feeding time of broilers and promote growth. It is recommended to use the following illumination time, which will not affect the growth of broilers but also increase the survival rate, that is: 24 hours light at 1-2 days; 16 hours light at 3-42 days old. 23 hours after 43 days of age. The principle of light intensity is required to be strong and weak. It should reach 3.8 W/m2 at 1-7 days, 3.2 W/m2 at 8-42 days, and 1.6 W/m2 at 42 days of age. The pre-illumination is stronger, which is helpful to help the chicks become familiar with the environment and to fully eat and drink. The strong light in the late period is harmful to the broilers and hinders the growth. The weak light can keep the flock quiet and conducive to growth and development. In addition, in order to make the light intensity distribution uniform, do not use a bulb of 60 watts or more. The lamp height is 2 meters and the lamp distance is 2-3 meters. Nine, drinking water and feeding precautions When the chicks are just connected to the brooding shed, they should drink water first and feed them. The best drink in 3-5 days of warm water, drink cold water later. In addition to requiring water restrictions for the administration of drugs and epidemic prevention, drinking water supply cannot be interrupted. The quality of drinking water is fresh, clean and hygienic. Drinking fountains are cleaned daily and regularly sterilized. Just 2 hours after drinking water when feeding young animals. In the first week, it is fed 8 times a day. In the second week, it is fed 7 times a day. After that, it is fed 5-6 times a day. 0-3 weeks of age with the previous material, 4-5 weeks of age with medium-term material, 6 weeks of age to slaughter with the late material. During the conversion of feed between stages, there should be a gradual transition, with an adaptation period of 3-5 days. If you suddenly reload, it will easily lead to a greater stress response in broilers, causing the disease to develop. The method of adding microbial preparations to feed: You can add 2 packs of Vital 99 bio-fermentation agent per ton of feed for feeding, or add Vitality 99 health care solution according to 5% of feed amount. Both methods of addition can be used simultaneously or separately. The method of adding microbiological preparations in drinking water: Vigor 99 health liquid can be added in drinking water, and the amount of health care liquid added is 2%-5% of drinking water. If you have already added a health fluid to your feed, don't add it in your drinking water, and vice versa; both can only take one. X. Epidemic prevention reference program and medication reference program Disease prevention and epidemic prevention program: 4-5 days old chicken kidney-type infectious oil emulsion inactivated vaccine, each chicken 0.25 ml intramuscular injection; 79 days old chicken Newcastle disease IV line seedlings + transmission H120 double seedlings, eye drops, nasal drops once each (Or at the same time, each chicken's neck was subcutaneously injected with 0.2 ml chicken Newcastle oil emulsion inactivated vaccine); 14-16 days old bursa of Poisoned Poultice vaccine 1 times the amount of water or bursa freeze-dried attenuated vaccine double the amount of water, 26-28 Day-old bursal poisoning vaccine twice the amount of water. Medication procedures: 1 day old oral rehydration salt, new Jinsaiwei drinking water; 2-6 days of age in the drinking water to add poultry Kang Bao, the amount of instructions to use, 2 times a day, after the monthly medication 1, once every 5 days; 8 -Add new cough peptides to the diet at 12 days of age, then use it once a month for 5 days; use echinacea for drinking water at 15-17 days of age and add fleas to the feed; after 15 days of age Alternately use a variety of anticoccidial drugs (such as Maduramycin, Chloropiclofen, Salinomycin, etc.), medication for 7 days for 5 days, and 31-33 days of age, use cones to fight water. When there is an outbreak in the local area, the sheds must be sterilized after vacancies (disinfection can be used interchangeably with health care fluids, but the interval time needs to be more than 3 days), or the usual disinfection work procedures can not be reduced, as long as the surface disinfection, Generally, it does not affect the normal fermentation force of the inner layer of the fermented litter. After the broiler is disinfected, the fermentation of the micro ecological litter will proceed normally and will not be affected. radiopaque adhesive tape,Radiopaque Tape,Medical Tape Anesthesia Medical Co., Ltd. , https://www.honestymed.com
Fermented bed chickens should pay attention to what