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2. The prevention and control of any rice disease should focus on the extensive use of high-quality, disease-resistant, high-product varieties, and the diversification of varieties (resistance genes) to prevent singulation.
3. Apply basic fertilizers, promote organic fertilizers (and their preparations), biological bacterial fertilizers, formulate the standards for the use of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium, and promote the use of formula fertilization in fields to effectively control chemical nitrogen fertilizers. Do not premature aging, not greed, not lodging.
4. Rational irrigation and drainage, promote early drainage, early control, multi-exposed and light-tank irrigation and drainage methods, and use Putian and Honda water-control fertilizers, water-control bacteria, and water-based irrigation methods to achieve fitness cultivation and control of pathogens. The purpose of the disease spread harm.
5. Low population, thin seeding, strong stems, strong leaves and healthy leaves, not lodging, general rice per seedling 3 seedlings ~ 5 seedlings, hybrid rice 2 seedlings, reaching 80,000 basic acres per 667 square meters.
6. Forecast. Special attention should be paid to mid- and long-term disease and weather forecasting, and short-term forecasting should be emphasized to guide disease prevention in a timely manner. The main basis for disease prediction is as follows: (1) The resistance level of rice seeds and their susceptibility period. 2 weather conditions. Rainy season or drought, two low temperatures. 3 cultivation techniques. More fertilizer, too dense, dwarf easy to induce disease. The length and severity of the disease epidemic depends on the level of disease resistance of the local rice seeds, the duration of the rainy season (or drought) and sooner or later, and the duration of the low temperature (below 20°C) coincides with the susceptible period of rice fields.
Second, the specific point of rice disease prevention and control 1. The level of diseases in the mountainous ecosystems (regions) of rice blast is high, and it is only possible to use varieties with stable resistance and long-lasting disease resistance. Otherwise, a disease pandemic may occur; the level of disease in the hilly area ecosystem (region) is unstable and vulnerable. The interference of climatic conditions is a moderate disease level in normal years, and it is appropriate to use rice varieties with moderate or higher levels of resistance; the requirements for confrontation levels in hilly and mountainous areas are the same as those in mountain areas; the level of diseases in plain ecosystems in the Lake District is relatively high. Low, low requirement for confrontation level, rice varieties with moderate resistance and upper and lower levels in general years can be planted, and it is more suitable for cultivation of high-yielding varieties, high-quality varieties, rare cultivars, special rice varieties and other disease-resistant rice varieties. .
It is strictly forbidden to use chemical nitrogen fertilizer for rice panicle fertilizer in paddy fields of mountainous ecosystems (regions), or topdressing nitrogen fertilizers at the later stage of rice growth to prevent epidemic or pandemic of panicle neck rice blast; hilly areas or lake areas, plain ecosystems (regions), etc. In order to control the amount and time of application of nitrogen fertilizer in rainy years, the use of chemical nitrogen fertilizer as panicle fertilizer was strictly controlled.
Choose a good sowing date, transplanting period, so that the rice from the late booting stage to heading stage to avoid the rainy weather and low temperature (such as cold dew) weather, to prevent the popular panicle rice blast.
Cold soaking paddy fields and deep mud foot fields in mountainous areas should be drained and the field should be noticed. In the lake area, high ridge cultivation should be promoted to increase water temperature and mud temperature. In other areas, wet irrigation is the mainstay.
The initial diseased plant was found in a timely manner to control the onset of the disease, and if necessary, timely prevention, control, and prevention were performed.
2. Rhizoctonia cerealis early rice, mid-season rice, late rice paddy fields and Honda should plow, deep sclerotia to reduce the release of sclerotia, effectively control the infection of sclerotia, reduce the rate of sclerotia germination, mycelium propagation damage. After the rain or irrigation, the sclerotia were completely salvaged in the fields and Tianjiao, effectively reducing the malignant accumulation of sclerotia into inverted pyramids.
Vigorously promote the application of organic amendments such as compost, cake fertilizer and plant residues to prevent and cure various soil-borne diseases, including sheath blight, improve soil microbial flora, promote plant growth, and promote the development of induced resistance. Promote small clusters and sparse planting, ensure effective number of panicles, and strictly control large basic seedlings and OJ number. For densely populated large groups, dwarf varieties should not be planted.
Jinggangmycin is still a safe, non-polluting and effective agent. It is advisable to administer the drug once at the end of delivery and at the late stage of booting, and depending on the development of the disease, whether or not to apply the drug. The late rice must be based on the sooner or later arrival of cold dew (below 20°C), intensity, and illness to determine whether or not the second application of the pesticide is controlled.
3. Non-endemic areas of bacterial blight should strengthen the inspection of rice seeds, prevent the transfer of diseased seeds, and disinfect the transferred seeds. We selected Putian, Putian wet irrigation mainly to prevent flooded seedlings, Honda not string irrigation, flood irrigation, to prevent flooding. Efforts should be made to prevent the flow of sick fields into non-pathological fields and effectively control the epidemic of bacterial blight. Paddy fields and rivers, rivers, and lakes in the mouth should be planted with rice varieties with strong disease resistance.
Ecological treatment of rice diseases
I. Common points in rice disease prevention and control 1. The prevention and control of rice diseases is based on ecological regulation, harmonizing disease ecosystems, regulating corresponding farmland ecosystems, and avoiding or minimizing the use of chemical pesticides in order to achieve the objective of rice plants, rice, soil, water flow, and air pollution-free and pollution-free.