Does Down's syndrome accident contribute to brain cell research?

The Imperial College of England and the University of Cambridge team conducted a study on brain cells. They transplanted human brain cells into the brain of mice, and for the first time observed the growth and connection between brain cells. They also observed Some of the connections formed between brain cells in patients with Down syndrome are more stable and abundant, but they communicate in a slightly uncoordinated manner. This suggests that in Down's syndrome, the coordinated activity of the formation of connections between brain cells is reduced and stability is increased or associated with cognitive function.

The connection between brain cells and brain cells is usually the first pathogenesis and damage in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, long before the brain cells begin to die, but the connections between these cells are very small and difficult to detect. of. There is currently no type of tool that can be used to observe how the connections between brain cells occur. In this study, the researchers used a revolutionary microscope technique, the in vivo two-photon microscope, which not only You can see a single living brain cell and you can see the connections that form between them.

The researchers first extracted some skin cells from volunteers with Down's syndrome and then reprogrammed them in the laboratory to produce induced pluripotent stem cells, which then used iPS cells to produce brain cells. A Down's syndrome model was constructed by using cells donated by two patients with Down syndrome, and these brain cells were then modified to be able to monitor their activity.

Finally, it was found that human brain cells not only formed a complex network, but also began to communicate in a very similar way to normal brain cells. Researchers had expected only a few human brain cells to grow in the brain of mice, but they were surprised to see that human brain cells began to thrive and soon communicate and work together.

The transplantation of human brain cells allows us to monitor their maturity over time. In the end, we found that cells of individuals with Down syndrome are not as active as normal cells at critical stages of development, which may have important effects on certain symptoms of the disease."

It should be emphasized that it is not clear to what extent the transplanted human brain cells resemble the organization and complexity of the corresponding cells in the human brain, which needs to be studied through further experiments. The team hopes to improve the technology and may use this method to study other neurological diseases in the future.

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