Corn rust smashes spread in Shandong, Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu, and many places

The typhoon has not passed, and the rust is coming again! This year, the most serious spread in the summer corn planting areas such as Shandong, Jiangsu, Hubei, and Anhui is the southern rust, and it is fierce. Experts reminded that if there is continuous rain in early September, southern rust will have a risk of recurrence in summer corn, which can cause corn to be harvested, so don't take it lightly!

The incidence of rust in the south is fast, which can cause corn to be harvested.

Corn rust includes four types of common rust, southern rust, tropical rust and stem rust. The main occurrences in China are common rust and southern rust.

The occurrence of rust in the south is related to the typhoon. In recent years, affected by typhoons, southern rust in Anhui, Jiangsu, Shandong, Henan and other places have been heavier.

In terms of the degree of hazard, the yield loss caused by southern rust is generally higher than that of ordinary rust. When the conditions are suitable, the corn can be infected by the large flare period, and the onset is rapid. The disease gradually spreads from the lower leaves to the upper leaves.

The disease can occur anywhere in the upper part of the corn plant, with the most severe leaf disease.

At the beginning of the disease, small yellow spots appeared on the leaves and gradually bulged to form a spore heap. After the rupture of the epidermis of the spore heap, a large amount of yellow urediospores were released. Because the southern rust is earlier than other leaf spot diseases, the leaves are covered with spores after the disease, and the bacteria consume a lot of nutrients from the plants, which seriously affects the grain filling, which leads to the reduction of corn yield.

Studies have shown that if the southern rust occurs, the corn leaves will be covered by the orange-yellow urediospores and urediospores in a week or so, causing the leaves to dry quickly and cause death, resulting in 20%-40% production loss; In addition to causing a decline in grain quality, production can be reduced by more than 80%, or even rejected.

Typical photo of southern rust

Three typhoons are supernormal, and the rust is more harmful in September.

Since late July, three typhoons such as “Abe”, “Capricorn” and “Wambia” have directly affected the Huanghuaihai area, both in terms of quantity and intensity, and the risk of southern rust is high.

The precipitation brought by the typhoon almost covered the summer corn area, and the spores were settled in this area. In August, the temperature in the summer corn area is high, and the rust spores are still in the dormant period, and the corn will not be immediately ill.

Waiting for time to enter September, with the temperature drop, coupled with the high humidity environment brought by precipitation, the southern rust will break the dormancy, revealing its original features, corn plants will also become rusty at this time. The earlier the precipitation and cooling in September, the greater the harm of rust.

The National Agricultural Technology Center expects that the southern rust will have a biased occurrence this year. At present, there are many reports that rust has a tendency to spread.

Anhui Plant Protection Station reported that since mid-August, there have been corn rust in southern Yunnan and Fuyang, and the two places are on the north route of “Capricorn” and “Wambia”, which brings the chance of southern rust pathogens to neighboring provinces. Big. It was predicted that the main pests and diseases of corn in the province will be 18 million mu.

Shandong Province predicts that the incidence of corn rust in the second half of the year will be 2, and the local level will be 3, with an estimated area of ​​11 million mu.

Henan Province predicts that the southern part of the province's corn rust will occur heavily, with an area of ​​about 14 million mu, and the damage period will be from late August to mid-September.

Hebei Province predicts that corn rust will have a partial bias when there is a suitable north typhoon.

Hubei Province predicts that corn rust on susceptible varieties will occur more heavily. Most of the 3, part 4. The area of ​​occurrence is about 2 million mu...

Recently, some areas of Huanghuai are mainly rainy weather, which will undoubtedly provide favorable conditions for the occurrence of rust, so corn growers are expected to pay attention to rust prevention.

Control method

Corn rust is a disease that occurs and spreads in a large area where airflow is transmitted. The prevention and control measures are mainly based on disease-resistant varieties, supplemented by cultivation and disease prevention and chemical control.

1. Plant disease-resistant varieties.

Different maize varieties have great differences in resistance to rust. The use of varieties with strong disease resistance is an effective way to control corn rust.

2. Scientific field management.

Suitable sowing; appropriate reduction of nitrogen fertilizer, increase of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, timely application of foliar nutrient to improve the disease resistance of corn plants; reasonable control of density and improved permeability.

Before planting, remove the residuals of the diseased plants in and around the field. If the diseased plants are found in the growing season, they should be removed and destroyed in a timely manner. After the corn is harvested, the residual plants, stems and leaves in the field should be removed in time, and burned or fattened intensively. Rotation and non-grass crop rotation can reduce the accumulation of pathogenic bacteria.

For sporadic corn, the diseased plants and residual diseases are removed at any time.

3. Chemical control, prevention is the main.

In the corn trumpet period - silking period, by spraying a drug containing components such as difenoconazole, tebuconazole, triazolone, propiconazole, azoxystrobin, ether oxystrobin, pyraclostrobin It can effectively alleviate the occurrence of rust in the southern part of the country.

Prevention program: In order to prevent the occurrence of rust in the south, farmers can use 25% powder rust, 20% triadimefon and other agents spray control.

If there is no prevention in the early stage, it can also control the incidence of rust in the early stage of rust, and reduce the impact on production to some extent. (planting large household reference)

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