Special wild boars are wild boar varieties modified by artificial domestication. Their lean meat percentage is more than 50% higher than that of domestic pigs. They have the characteristics of less fat, high nutritional value, and rich wild game. They have been favored by the market in recent years. Special wild boar staple green grass, corn stalks, sweet potatoes and other green feed, lower cost, better breeding efficiency, has become the choice of many investors. The author introduced a group of breeding techniques for reference by farmers. Scientific selection According to different hybridization methods, special wild boars have many different purity in the blood of pure boars. It is best to choose special wild boar with 75% purity when breeding. If the purity is higher, the production speed is very slow and the number of litters is low. , difficult to raise, but the purity is lower, the appearance, disease resistance, resistance to rough feed, lean meat, nutrients and other aspects of the same with the domestic pig, there is no value for feeding. At the same time, due to the differences in the methods of hybridization and breeding, 75% of the special wild boar pigs also differ greatly in their disease resistance and litter size. The number of wild boar fetuses in ordinary breeds ranges from 6 to 8 and the high-yield line. The number of special wild boar fetuses is between 12 and 14 and the highest number is 17. It is 2.5 times that of common wild boar and the benefits may differ by several times. Breeding period management feed. Adult boars feed 2.5 to 3 kilograms each day, feeding 2 to 3 times a day, using a 1:2 ratio of water, that is, 1 part of water and 2 parts of the materials are mixed and fed. An automatic drinker should be set up for automatic drinking. movement. The pig house should be kept warm in winter and heatstroke in summer. Because the boars are raised in a single lap, to increase sperm activity, they must go to the sports field more than 2 times a week. Each exercise time should not be less than 4 hours. The exercise distance must not be less than 1.5 kilometers. Usually pay attention to washing the pig body and keep it clean. breeding. The service life of boars is within 4 years, and breeding boars are bred in a single circle. The initial breeding time is 12 to 14 months and the body weight is between 65 and 75 kg. It is not suitable for breeding if you are too thin or too fat. Each day should be suitable for breeding 1, up to no more than 2 times, continuous breeding 4 to 5 days after the break 1 day, matching season season feed to add appropriate amounts of green fodder or carrots, etc., conditional 3 days to feed 1 egg. Female wild boars usually have 2 to 2.5 births per year, 8 to 16 per litter, and mating time is 6 to 7 months and weight 60 to 70 kilograms. Since wild boars have higher IQ and sensitivity than normal domestic pigs, they cannot be used for cross-breeding, false vaginal or freehand picking. Only natural mating methods can be used. Breeding occurs when the gild of the sow allows the boar to cross. Normal breeding is effective within 12 to 24 hours after estrus is allowed and allowed to climb. The female wild boar can be managed to climb comfortably, or the vulva changes from bright red to dark purple, changes from swollen to slightly shriveled, or the mating member presses the hindquarters of the pig by hand and stands still, which is a suitable breeding time. The first time after the interval of 6 to 8 hours and then repeated once to increase the conception rate. Before mating, the sundries in the female wild boar enclosures should be carried out to prevent injury to pig legs or accidents. At the same time, the female wild boar genital area was scrubbed with 3% potassium permanganate solution and then placed in a breeding boar for breeding (about 30 minutes during the breeding process). After breeding, allow them to drink water every other hour. If it is confirmed that the female wild boar has been bred, the body shall be wiped with a solution of amitrazin for 2 to 3 times to kill the body surface parasites so as to prevent the female wild boar from scratching the itch. Cause pregnancy abortion. Pregnancy management The average estrus cycle of female wild boars is about 21 days. Under normal circumstances, pregnancy is no longer estrus. Therefore, from the 18th day after sow mating, observe carefully. If the estrus is not seen in about 1 week, the sow can be preliminarily judged to have been pregnant; sows are prone to snooze after pregnancy, and the appetite is swift, easy to apply, and the fur is smooth. , gentle temperament, stable action, clip tail walk, shrinking vulva (associated cracks in the vulva are tightened up into a line) indicates that the female wild boar has been pregnant; or take the 10 ml of urine discharged from the mother wild boar 28 to 30 days after mating in the morning In a transparent high-temperature glass, add a few drops of vinegar, then drip in iodine and boil it on a warm fire. If the urine is red, the sow is considered pregnant, such as light yellow or brown green, and the color disappears quickly after cooling, indicating that the female wild boar is not pregnant. Prepare before giving birth. About 30 days before boar production, E. coli vaccine was intramuscularly injected or long-acting antibiotics were injected intramuscularly 3 days before delivery. At the same time, clean and rinse the barn thoroughly and disinfect it with Suer or potassium permanganate solution. After the cement floor is dry, put it on dry mat grass, install a drinking trough, electric light, add enough fresh water in the tank, prepare the farrowing box (we should keep the warm box in the winter and spring cold season), iodine, deesterified cotton balls, and cable And sterilized scissors and other items, and there is a dedicated person on duty to prevent accidental birth of the female wild boar piglets. Birth mother wild pigs. The gestation period is generally about 114 days, and before the childbirth starts, she begins to hold the grass, frequent urination, irregular defecation sites, swelling of the vulva, rapid respiratory rate, and unwillingness to stand, indicating her imminent birth. Most sows will be able to give birth to the piglet after laying on top of the grass. The wild pigs will have their hind legs and hips out first. They usually stand up immediately after the baby is born and begin to milk. If there is too much calving and there is not enough teat, you may adopt batch feeding or other foster mothers who are close to farrowing and have less calving. Each time the female wild boar was born, the confinement workers picked up and wiped the blood stains and stickies in the mouth of the pigs with a 3% potassium permanganate solution. After leaving the umbilical cord at 4 to 5 cm, cut off the umbilical cord, apply iodine tincture at the cut-off point, cut off the upper and lower canine teeth on both sides of the oral cavity, and then put the piglet in the litter box that has been prepared. After production, the norfloxacin is transferred into a paste and put into the pig's tongue base for swallowing to prevent hemolytic leukoplakia and edema-type E. coli and other intestinal diseases. After 20 days of age, piglets should be vaccinated. At the age of 60 days, pigs should be given intramuscular injections of “triple seedlingsâ€. Breastfeeding management Newborn piglets must have good insulation measures because of their poor resistance. The temperature of pighouses from 1 to 7 months of age should be maintained between 25°C and 30°C, and between 8 and 30 days at 20°C to 25°C. More than 40 days above 18 °C can be, the temperature is too low and excessive humidity caused by a variety of diseases, affecting the survival rate of piglets. Feeding colostrum Because colostrum contains maternal specific antigens, enough colostrum can promote the growth and development of the piglet. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that each piglet eats colostrum, and it is best to artificially fix the nipple breastfeeding according to the size of the piglet to ensure The piglets are balanced. Feeding methods Boars eat less, and they are usually fed twice a day. It is raw and eaten raw, mixed food, all kinds of weeds, leaves, plant roots, crop stalks, etc. can be used as feed. Wild boars particularly like to eat green feed, can account for more than 50% of the ration, with a small amount of concentrated feed can raise a robust wild boar. Juicy green feed. Green feed is crisp and juicy, with high crude protein content, high digestibility, comprehensive amino acid requirements, rich vitamin content, stimulated appetite, high digestibility of organic matter, and plays an important role in improving nutrient content of diets and improving digestibility. Should not be fed alone, must be used with coarse material, fine material, and then add protein feed in order to achieve the effect of feeding. Green feed includes tubers, roots, melons, and silage. Commonly used wolfberry, purple celery root, leeks, sweet potato vine leaves, barley corn, barley and other barley. Root, tuber, and melons include sweet potatoes, potatoes, squash, and carrots. Silage. That is, the green feed is stored for the off-season feeding of winter and spring green feed. Commonly used for silage are sweet potatoes, vine leaves, cabbage to help, carrots, cabbage, grass and so on. Roughage includes hay, agricultural and sideline products (crops, vines, vines, shells, straw, alfalfa, etc.), leaves, and bad residue. The rough feed has a wide range of sources, many types, and large yields. It is the main feed for boars in the winter and spring. Rough fiber has high crude fiber content, rich vitamin D content, but low phosphorus content. Feeding should be done with other feeds. Concentrates include corn, sorghum, barley, rice, and sweet potatoes. These feeds have high energy content and contain only 7% to 11% of crude protein. Because of the unbalanced nutrition structure, they should not be used alone as feed for wild boars. They must be supplemented with protein feeds and nutrient additives in order to fully balance dietary nutrition. Protein feeds include vegetable protein feeds, animal protein feeds, and other protein feeds. Plant protein feeds mainly include by-products of soybean oil cakes, peanut cakes, cotton cakes and other oil extraction industries. Their protein content accounts for approximately 17% to 45%. Fish meal is the most widely used animal feed with a protein content of 40% to 60%. It is particularly useful in the supply of methionine and lysine, and has high nutritional value. Flesh meal, blood meal, cocoon, etc. are also good animal protein feeds, which can be blended according to needs and conditions and used as compound feeds; other protein feeds mainly refer to chicken manure, yeast, bacteria, etc. If 30% of fermented chicken manure is added to the diet (50 kg chicken manure plus 1 kg of ferric sulfate, add 25 kg of water, mix thoroughly and leave for 1 to 2 days), its nutrient is comprehensive, feeding effect is excellent, and a large amount can be saved The concentrate feed. According to the nutrient content of various feeds in the diet and the needs of the wild boar nutrition during the period, a small amount or a trace amount of the above nutrients can be added to make the diet full of nutrition, which can significantly improve the feed utilization rate and conversion rate. Low Light Level Device,Solid-State Detectors,Low-E Detector,Low Light Level Image Intensifier Shandong Freedom Technology Co.,Ltd , https://www.sdfreedomtech.com
Breeding and management of special wild boars