Wild jujube grafted seedlings

There are two arguments for the same idea:
1. Asexual reproduction does not change the shape of the plant.
2. Only when variegated breeding is adopted, the fine varieties can maintain their superior species. This idea is derived from traditional theories because the people who said this are all people with professional knowledge in this area. Some people are well-known people who have obtained a lot of technical achievements. I believe they are well-founded and they will never Speak quietly. With this concept, the development of wild jujube grafted seedlings need not be questioned, because wild jujube grafted seedlings are vegetatively propagated seedlings. However, I repulsed wild jujube grafted seedlings.
First of all, I have doubts about the above conclusions. Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth. Is it true that vegetative reproduction does not change plant traits? Only when variegated breeds can be adopted for good varieties, can they maintain their superior species? In practice, this is not the case.
At present, there are two kinds of vegetative propagation of jujube, one is self-rooted seedling breeding, and the other is grafted seedling breeding. The characteristics of self-rooted seedling propagation are that the breeding materials are derived from the mother plant, the extracted cells are cultured and bred, the sliced ​​and diced containers are bred, the branches and branches are bred, and the cultivars are propagated with the root seedlings.
Grafting seedlings are characterized by combining two plants with different traits, an anvil and a scion. Two kinds of breeding, respectively, can be obtained from the root seedlings and grafted seedlings. In practice, the two seedlings show different conditions during the growth process. Self-rooted seedlings can maintain the original plant traits, grafted seedlings will change in the extent of the appearance of the characters. Judging by the wishes of people, the result of change is not the optimization is the degradation, of course, there are also situations in the middle. Therefore, "asexual reproduction does not change the plant traits" is not common to vegetative reproduction, but only the characteristics of self-rooted seedlings. Grafting seedlings do not possess the characteristics of maintaining the original plant traits. Therefore, the argument that "excellent cultivars can maintain their superior species only by adopting vegetative propagation" is unreliable.
Grafting and breeding process, there is an integration process of anvil and ear. This process is also a running-in process (affinity). The running-in can be integrated, the running-in will affect each other, and the interaction will inevitably happen. This problem still exists during the growth of grafting trees. Grafting on the road, some of the advantages of the traits will complement each other, not the grafting of the road, different characteristics of the characteristics will affect each other, affect each other. Such as wild wild jujube shrubs, roots are not developed, the grafted species is a tree, the tree grows up, the support of the shrubs will be involved with the demand for trees.
The contradiction between the supply and demand of water and nutrients will often cause them to change themselves. Under the load, it will reduce the resistance. The above lack of demand will fall ill and fall ill. Comparing the two, the effect of the anvil on the spike is decisive. One of the original purposes of the michurin grafting test was to change the appearance of the trait and increase the resistance. He succeeded. The change here refers only to the degree of change in the quantitative range. Because of change, trees are trees, jujube or jujube. Delicious dates and unpalatable dates are problems of good or bad. The degree of this pros and cons is of great importance. The contents of many of the projects we study are essentially articles that make a difference in their strengths and weaknesses. If we leave this substance behind, our research will lose meaning.
In terms of expression, both arguments are also vague. Such as: "Grafted seedlings will not change traits," "Grafted seedlings can maintain its excellent species", here refers to the grafted seedlings traits or species, refers to the anvil? Refers to the scion? Or refers to grafting survived plants? The traits of the jujube tree usually refer to the morphological characteristics of the jujube tree, including the biological characteristics of the plant itself and its roots, branches, leaves, flowers, fruits and special organs (including growth habits, flowering fruit habits, phenological period, and pest resistance , resistance, etc.). These morphological features are determined by their own genetics.
The appearance and potential of jujube genetics are related to the evolution of history, and the strength and weakness of the degree of expression are related to the living environment and conditions of jujube trees. Grafting and breeding will have an impact on the degree of genetic gene expression, and changes in the traits that result from the appearance of genetic genes will become inevitable. It is a misunderstanding that someone understands the trait change as a genetic change. Genes will not change. The potential of a gene is not equal to the loss of a gene. The variation (mutation) of the jujube tree is not a gene change, nor is it a reproduction of a latent gene, but is only a manifestation of a strong genetic gene under certain conditions. The changes that occur are only degree changes. Therefore, grafting as a seedling raising technique and method can not only optimize the jujube tree but also degenerate the jujube tree. The wild jujube as an anvil and the high-quality and high-yielding species as the grafted seedlings of the panicle are degenerate. The ancient people planted seedlings with roots, and today they planted wild jujube seedlings (mainly). The jujube tree traits of the ancient people are stable and have been prosperous for thousands of years, because they are rooted seedlings. The jujube tree traits of today's race are not stable, and the varieties are degraded and the quality is reduced because of the use of wild jujube grafted seedlings (referring to the majority of newly planted jujube trees).
This conclusion can be confirmed from the speeches of experts at the first high-level forum of China (International) Jujube Industrialization Development Strategy. Li Jie (Associate researcher) of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences pointed out when introducing the situation in Shanxi: “The province’s current planting and cultivation of large areas, according to the original jujube quality standards, the quality of the fresh food Lizao jujube is the worst Among the varieties of dried and processed products, the worst quality of wood jujube is an indisputable fact.In the seventies and eighties of the last century, the dried jujube market in Shanghai and Shanxi jujube accounted for 80%, but now basically no Shanxi jujube, the main reason being The quality of Shanxi dates is poor, and in the next few years, when a large area of ​​jujube tree jujube trees enters the fruit period, the market will inevitably be difficult to sell jujube, and the jujube bears the brunt of the time. The poor Luliang mountain area is the main production area of ​​wood jujube, and the cultivation area All accounts for 1/3 of the total area of ​​the jujube tree in the province, and the problems brought about by the backwardness of jujube varieties will be felt before other regions." The situation pointed out by Li Jie has also been reported in other regions. Lizao was a famous date. It was used by the Great Hall of the People in 1989 for the state banquet. In 1990, it was designated as the special fruit for the 11th Asian Games. However, there have been only a dozen or so years. Why is there such a big change? This is worth making clear. In fact, Lizao is a delicious date. The Lizao with self-rooted seedlings in Xiwan Village, Goudemen Town, Baoyou Tuyouqi not only retains its original quality, but also optimizes it through cultivation. In the fall of 2005, the fresh fruits of pear jujube were tested. The results were: water content 70.99%, sugar content 44.88%, hundred grams vc content 49.24 mg, total acid 0.598. The local price rose from the original 5 yuan to 10 yuan. The roots of Lizao are very developed, which is not comparable to wild jujube roots. The use of pear jujube rootstock as an anvil can make certain high-quality products reach the desired effect. Or in the West Bay Village of Baotoutuyouqigou Town, the jujube farmer used the self-rooted seedlings as an anvil graft to pick up the local Ma is a jujube, and the result was that the horse was improved. The data obtained in the autumn of 2005 on fresh jujubes were: water content 63.195%, sugar content 43.%, 100 g vc content 780 mg (this is the highest date for domestic vc content, of course, this cannot be the root cause).
Common people in the jujube grafted seedlings in the merits and demerits, how to divide? What is the standard? Who can tell clearly? In fact, such seedlings are the same from the qualitative point of view. A jujube expert in Hebei said that the excellent new varieties he cultivated will not change in five years. what reason? Is it true that jujube is an anvil? At present, each fresh food species is faced with important issues of purification and selection. After the purification and selection, how to expand the improved varieties in the established germplasm resource circle is worth considering. Wild jujube grafted seedlings have become a major obstacle to solving quality problems. We can only overcome this obstacle and related things will be easy to handle.
According to the data provided by Professor Liu Mengjun, “After the reform and opening up, the jujube area and jujube output in China have nearly tripled.” What is the solution to such rapid development? Two, one is grafting technology, and the other is wild jujube resources. Why rely on these two? Because the jujube tree is difficult to take root, the date kernel has a low rate of kernels, and breeding is difficult, while the wild jujube is rich in resources and easy to use. There are also technical and other reasons: "The ramets method has low propagation coefficient, poor root system, and low survival rate; hardwood cuttings are not easy to root; although the survival rate of green branch cuttings can reach more than 90%, the technology is more complicated and requires higher conditions. The tissue culture method has the highest propagation coefficient, but it also has the most stringent requirements for technology and equipment. Relatively speaking, the method of grafting propagation is simple, the quality of seedlings is good, and the propagation coefficient is also high. Therefore, the grafting method in the near future will still be the mainstream in production. Development Direction" (Extracted from: Current Status and Prospects of Jujube Production in China). Here and not to assess the appropriateness of the reasons mentioned (another article), only to talk about their own understanding.
From the above situation, these three conclusions can be drawn:
1, nearly 3 times the planting area, mainly with jujube grafted seedlings. This is different from the ancients and it differs from the ancients in quality stability.
2, because of practical difficulties, only choose to use wild jujube grafted seedlings, this choice has no meaning. If there is a good way, if there are 704 kinds of jujube self-rooted seedlings can choose, wild jujube grafted seedlings can not.
3. The grafted seedlings with wild jujube as the anvil in the near future will continue to be the mainstream development direction in production. This status quo, this helpless, this will still! It's a pity. No choice will take the risk of helplessness and bear the price of helplessness. The confusion it leaves behind will continue. The industry and experts have long discovered the problems of declining quality and degradation of varieties, reminding people that “there is no quality and the outlook is worrying”.
However, when it came to the reasons, it was not possible to see someone using the wild jujube grafted seedlings as a single item, which may be considered theoretically. I blame wild jujube grafted seedlings, so I put it here for reference or criticism.

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