Lemon breeding method

[ Agricultural Products Network] The method of lemon reproduction is divided into two categories: sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. Sexual reproduction is cultivated from seeds , also known as seedlings; asexual reproduction is cultivated from some vegetative organs of lemon , also known as vegetative reproduction. There are grafting, cutting, layering, tissue culture and other methods, among which ZUI is grafted and propagated. universal.

Seed reproduction

Choose a robust, disease-free lemon plant as a seedling tree. Pick the lemon fruit when the fruit is fully ripened from November to December. After a few days, cut the fruit, take out the seeds and rinse them, and immediately sow them; or preserve them in the fruit until spring. The seeds are then sown, and the dried seeds are not suitable for long-term storage, and the germination power is easily lost. The fresh seeds can be germinated in only 7 days under the temperature of 15-25 °C.

Grafting

Before grafting, the annual lignified spring shoots or autumn shoots should be collected on the lemon tree with pure varieties, no pests and diseases, and high yield and stability. The commonly used grafting methods include cutting method, abdominal connection method and bud connection method.

Cut

Cut in the spring. The grafting effect is better when the sap begins to flow. The Sichuan and Chongqing regions can be grafted in the first half of the rainy season, and the survival rate of grafting in Guangdong within 40 days after the beginning of the spring is high. In low temperature years, grafting time can be postponed to May. The cutting operation is simple, the germination is fast, and the growth is rapid. The sputum specification can be achieved in the same year, and the planting can be carried out in the autumn or the spring of the next year.

Abdominal connection

The abdomen is generally used for autumn grafting, and can be carried out from the rainy season to the beginning of November. The survival rate of the abdomen is higher, and it can be supplemented 2-3 times at a time; the scissor cutting method is the same as the cutting method, and the smooth surface is cut from the top to the bottom at a distance of about 10 cm from the ground, and the length is 2 cm. Left and right, the depth of cut is not to hurt or slightly damage the xylem. After opening the mouth, the scion is then embedded and the sealing interface is fastened from the bottom up with a strip of plastic film.

budding

Budding can be divided into small bud cutting and small bud abdomen. The small bud cutting is mainly carried out in spring, and the small bud abdomen is mainly carried out in autumn. The bud connection speed is fast, the work efficiency is high, the rootstock has a small wound, and it is easy to heal. When cutting the bud, take the scion in the left hand, hold the knife in the right hand, and flatten the knife edge. Cut from the lower end of the bud to the upper end of the bud to 0.5 cm above the bud, so that the bud is slightly xylem, and then the scalpel is used to vertical. Cut a knife down and remove the buds.

Cutting propagation

The lemon cuttings are easy to survive. In the end of May, the healthy spring shoots will be trimmed, and 3-4 buds will be cut into cuttings. Except for the top buds, the other cuts will be cut into the sandy loam and poured immediately after the insertion. Water, watering once every few days, to ensure that the leaves remain green and no wilting after one insertion. After one month, the top buds begin to grow, and once every 20 days, the septic water is applied once, and the summer shoots can be extracted. Autumn shoots can be transplanted in autumn.

Layering

Lemon bead breeding mainly uses high-pressure reproduction. In May-June, it chooses to grow vigorously. The branches without pests and diseases are used as breeding mother branches. In the high-pressure part, the leaves are removed, and the skin is peeled 4-6 cm with a knife to peel off the cortex, but Can not damage the xylem, then use a plastic film about 12 cm long and about 10 cm wide, and tie the film tightly 2 cm from the lower part of the peeling to form a cylindrical shape, and fill the loose and fertile garden soil into the cylinder. After filling up, form a large mud group, and then fasten the upper end.

After the high pressure, the leaves are light green, and the white roots grow in the plastic bag, and gradually spread around the four weeks, indicating that the high pressure is successful. In the lower part of the plastic bag, the branches are cut off from September to October, and the plastic film is gently removed. Don't break the mud, plant it in a pot, pour water, put it in the shade, and slowly increase the light after 10-15 days, and you will soon be able to grow new leaves.

Tissue culture

The sterilized shoot tips were cut to length 5-8 mm and then inoculated to the callus induction medium. After 3-4 weeks of culture, the explants began to form callus. At this point it can be cut and transferred to the shoot induction medium. After several weeks of culture, the buds can be formed and cut and transferred to the root induction medium. After 3-4 weeks of culture, a regenerated plant with roots can be formed. The culture temperature is 24-26 ° C; the light is 8-12 hours per day; the illuminance is 1000-2000 lux.

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