High-yield cultivation technology of asparagus

It is one of the high-efficiency cash crops. It can be harvested for more than 10 years at a time. The annual harvest of bamboo shoots per mu is generally 2300 kg, and the output value of the mu is more than 10,000 yuan. Fresh bamboo shoots are rich in protein, cellulose and various trace elements, and have the effects of promoting blood circulation and preventing cancer. The high-yield cultivation management technology should focus on the following aspects.

First, cultivate strong seedlings

In order to capture the high yield of asparagus, in addition to selecting good varieties, first of all, a nursery ground must be established for seedling breeding. * The suitable nursery period is June, and the seedling breeding time is about 3 months. From the onset of on-demand, the row spacing of the plants was 16.5 cm x 16.5 cm. Transplanted seedlings are suitable for medium seedlings with 10-20 roots *.

Site preparation and transplantation

Asparagus grows on the moist sandy loam soil. Before transplanting, plough and loosen the soil many times and remove the impurities from the soil. After full whitening (time 1-2 months), apply 4000-5000 kg or 100-150 acres of fertilized farm manure Kilogram cake fertilizer, add 150 kilograms of superphosphate and 30 kilograms of potassium chloride. After the application of manure, plow the plough, and the cake fertilizer should be immersed in water for 8-10 days, then mixed with calcium phosphate and potassium chloride, and applied to the trench (30-40 cm deep) and covered with soil and planted.

Third, reasonable close planting

The seedling stage * is suitable for autumn planting (August-September). The bamboo shoots are harvested from March to April the following year, with short time and high survival rate. The row spacing of the seedlings is 25 cm x 160 cm. When planting, the roots are divided into two halves, fixed in the planting ditch, the scales are facing the midline of the ridge, and then covered with soil 5-6 cm.

Fourth, strengthen water and fertilizer management

1. Seedling stage: If ditch irrigation is used after seedling planting, it can be irrigated every 20-25 days. At the same time, the drainage ditch must be opened to dry the ground after rain stops. Apply 20 times of fertilizer for 20 days after planting, and apply 5 kg of compound fertilizer to 1000 kg of water or furrow for furrow application. 40-60 days after planting, fertilize every 25-30 days, apply 25-50 kg of compound fertilizer per mu or 10-20 kg of urea plus 6-12.5 kg of potassium chloride. 4 months after planting and before harvesting the bamboo shoots, fertilize every 25 days or so. Apply 20 kg of urea and 12.5 kg of potassium chloride per acre. Irrigation should be applied after fertilization.

2. Harvesting period: Fertilize every 15-20 days during harvesting, applying 20 kg of urea and 12.5 kg of potassium chloride per mu. At the same time, it is necessary to open the Sibiangou and Tanakagou, drain the water in rainy days, and irrigate in sunny days.

Five, mother's stem

About 5-6 months after planting, seedlings are born * The next batch of stems can be selected when the stem thickness reaches 0.8-l cm. Generally, 2-3 mature and disease-free pests are selected for each seedling. Female stems, and then pluck off excess, small or oversized stems. 30 kg of urea and 15 kg of potassium chloride were applied per acre ditch in front of the fixed mother stem. Immediately after selecting the female stem

The maggots are cultivated in large soil, and the maggots are cultivated into 30-40 cm high maggots.

Six, control pests

Common asparagus diseases include stem blight and anthracnose. For the prevention and treatment of stem blight, spray with 600 times solution of 70% methyltobutin or 500 times solution of carbendazim. Spray it every 10-15 days at seedling and seedling stage, spray every 5-7 days during the selection period of mother stem ; For the prevention and treatment of anthracnose, use 70% mancozeb zinc 500 times liquid, or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times liquid, or 80% anthrax fome wettable powder 800 times liquid spray, spray once every 10 days, even spray 2 -3 times, but spraying is strictly prohibited 7 days before harvesting the bamboo shoots. Common pests are ground tigers and green worms. When the worms are 1-2 years old, they can be killed by spraying with 1000 times of Anlubao, and the larvae and ground tigers of the worms can be killed by hand.

Seven, seedling replacement

3-4 months after harvesting the bamboo shoots, the original seedlings begin to age. At this time, all the seedlings should be pulled out, leaving only the root potatoes, and then fertilizing the potatoes for seedling emergence. Generally, seedlings are changed twice a year.

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