Guizhou buckwheat planting techniques and pest control points

Quinoa, also known as Shibuya, South Buckwheat, etc., is a 1-year-old dicotyledonous dicotyledonous crop native to South America. It is called the “mother of food” by the Incas. Buckwheat has the advantages of cold tolerance, drought tolerance, salt tolerance, and resistance to thinness. It can be planted in alpine or arid regions such as Tibet, Qinghai and Gansu in China. At the same time, for most parts of Guizhou, the introduction of buckwheat has certain geographical advantages. Therefore, today Xiaobian talks about the cultivation techniques and pest control points of buckwheat in Guizhou.

First, the biological characteristics of buckwheat

Buckwheat adult plants 2.6 ~ 3.0 meters, leaves alternate, self-pollination, shallow root system; seeds are round pills, grain 1000-grain weight 2 ~ 4 grams; buckwheat has cold tolerance, drought tolerance, salt and alkali resistance and thinness It is suitable for growing in harsh environments such as deserts and plateaus.

Second, the cultivation technology of buckwheat

1. The growth period of buckwheat is 210 days. When planting, the local frost-free period is required to be more than 100 days, the altitude is about 1,500 meters, and the precipitation is more than 300 mm.

2, buckwheat should be planted in high-altitude areas with abundant sunshine, large temperature difference between day and night, and humid summer. The optimum growth temperature is 18 degrees, and the land requirements are not strict. However, when planting, the appropriate planting varieties should be selected according to the specific conditions of the locality. After sowing, the water is sprayed, and the surface of the greenhouse is covered with a protective film to increase the seedling emergence rate.

3. After the buckwheat is emerged, the seedlings are treated in the seedlings of 2 to 3 leaves, and the plants are routinely managed in the field of seedlings and alfalfa when the plants grow to 5 to 6 leaves. In the later stage, the roots are cultivated to stabilize the roots and prevent the late lodging. When harvesting, the whole plant can be harvested, or only the ears can be collected; immediately after harvesting, it is allowed to be dried, and it is forbidden to pile up, and the seeds are mildewed.

Third, the pests and diseases of buckwheat and its prevention

1. Pests

(1) The main pests include above-ground pests (bean phthalocyanine, chafer, diamondback moth, etc.) and underground pests (beetles, tigers, ants, etc.).

(2) Ground pest control measures: use adult phototaxis to trap adult worms; dilute 20% valproate emulsifiable concentrate 1500-2000 times, spray control in the evening when adults are concentrated.

(3) Underground pest control measures: Before planting, use phoxim granules to mix farmyard manure for prevention and control; apply poisonous soil or poison bait in the field for prevention and control.

2, disease

(1) Main diseases: root rot and downy mildew.

(2) Root rot prevention and control: root and leaf surface control of root rot seedlings.

(3) Downy mildew prevention and control: by screening resistant varieties, performing field rotation and intercropping; carrying out nutrition management, controlling planting density and changing farming methods to prevent and control.

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