Comprehensive Prevention Techniques for Diseases in Peanut Cultivation

There are many kinds of diseases that harm the peanuts, some diseases are widely distributed, and the hazards are serious. To control the occurrence of diseases economically and effectively, comprehensive prevention and control must be implemented. Prevention and control of peanut disease should be based on agricultural measures, supplemented by chemical control, scientific and rational use of physical and biological control measures to create environmental conditions conducive to the growth and development of peanuts and unfavorable to the occurrence of diseases. Safe, economical and effective Control the occurrence and harm of major diseases and achieve the goal of high yield, high quality and high efficiency of peanuts.

First, control of stem rot

(a) agricultural control. The disease-free seeds and disease-resistant varieties were selected; the rotation was reasonable and crop rotation with cereal crops was possible.

(b) Chemical control. Before sowing, use 50% carbendazim WP or 50% carbendazim WP 0.5 kg water, 50-60 kg soaking 100 kg soaking 24 hours after sowing, in the early stages of disease, use 50% more bacteria Ling WP or 65% zein zinc wettable powder 500 ~ 600 times spray control, spray 7 days interval, and even spray 2 or 3 times.

Second, the prevention of root rot

(a) Implement rotation. The sick field is in every year round, and the sick field rounds for 3 to 5 years.

(b) Chemical seed dressing. Before sowing, seeds were weighed with 0.3% of 15% triadimefon or 0.5% of 50% carbendazim WP and sowed after 24 hours.

(c) Chemical control. After the inspection of the seedlings was strengthened, it was found that the diseased plants were then sprayed or showered to block the central strain. Can be used 50% of carbendazim WP 500 times, or 600 to 1000 times potassium permanganate spray peanut stalk base; every 7 to 15 days, spray a total of 2 to 3 times or more, each time Mu 75 kg of liquid medicine, alternating use, spray feet thoroughly.

Third, the prevention and treatment of leaf spot

(a) agricultural control. After the peanuts are harvested, they are cleared of field sicknesses and ploughed in time. The severely affected plots should be implemented with crop rotation for 2 to 3 years; the insect-resistant varieties should be selected for close planting.

(b) Chemical control. At the beginning of the flowering period, investigations were started. When the diseased leaf rate reached 10% to 15%, the pesticide application was started. Once every 7 to 10 days, the control was repeated three times. Available drugs are carbendazim, agricultural resistance 120, thiophanate methyl and other.

Fourth, the control of bacterial wilt

(a) agricultural control. It is best to use paddy crop rotation, or crop rotation with melons and grass crops for 3 to 5 years, to avoid continuous cropping with solanaceae, leguminous, sesame and other crops; use sorghum cultivation, appropriate sowing, and proper close planting to prevent shading and large fields. Flood irrigation, pay attention to drainage and flood control; diseased plants found in the field, should be immediately removed, brought out of the field buried deep, and disinfected with lime to avoid partial nitrogen fertilizer.

(b) Chemical control. Before sowing, use a 32% solution of 1000 times solution to soak seeds for 8 to 12 hours for sterilization; in the initial stage of disease, spray 2500 to 3000 times of agricultural streptomycin or neomycin, or use 1500 to 2000 times The 32% Gram-Bacillus solution was sprayed every 7 to 10 days, and sprayed for 3 to 4 times.

V. Prevention and control of rust After the flowering of peanuts, it was found that the central diseased plants were promptly sprayed and prevented. Available drugs are triadimefon, diniconazole, etc., once every 7 to 15 days, continuous control 2 to 3 times.

VI. Prevention and control of black mold

(a) agricultural control. Deep ploughing and soil improvement, applying basic fertilizers, increasing organic fertilizers, strengthening field management, and strengthening the resistance of peanuts.

(b) Chemical control. Use 50% carbendazim wettable powder for seed dressing at 0.3% of the seed amount.

VII. Prevention and treatment of root knot nematode disease

(a) agricultural control. When harvesting, it is carefully collected and harvested without leaving the roots of the disease or the diseased fruit in the soil. The diseased body is dried and then burned.

(b) Pharmaceutical treatment of soil. Before sowing peanuts 10 to 15 days, with 10% aldicarb (iron eradicates) granules 2.5 to 5 kg, 3% cadmium granules 5 to 6 kg, 5% gram phosphor granules 2 to 12 kg , 10% methyl isophosphorus 4 to 6 kg. Or use 3% carbofuran granules in the hole when sowing, about 3 kg per mu, and pay attention to human and livestock safety. Before the sowing, avermectin can be sprayed 3000 times, and the depth of the ditch is 15-20 cm.

(c) Seed dressing. Available avermectin, DuPont Wan Ling, such as seed dressing, drying after sowing.

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