September 22 is the autumn festival. In the autumnal season, most of China's regions have entered a cool autumn. The cold air in the south meets the gradually attenuating warm and humid air, resulting in repeated precipitation. The temperature has dropped again and again, and the daily average temperature has dropped below 22 °C. When the autumn rain is cold." However, the daily precipitation after the autumn equinox will not be large. In the autumn season, the breezy style, the wind and the sun, the autumn is high, it is a beautiful and pleasant season. Due to the mild climate and sufficient sunshine, it is very suitable for the growth and development of various vegetables. It is a busy festival in the management of vegetable production. Vegetable farmers should pay attention to the following aspects in farming activities. Autumn and winter 茬 温 warm vegetables colonization period In the solar greenhouse, the winter vegetables, tomato, eggplant, pepper and other warm vegetable crops are planted at the right time. The greenhouse insulation performance of the wintering and warming crops is required to be above 25 °C. At the lowest external temperature of -15 °C, the lowest temperature in the greenhouse is Above 10 °C, the thermophilic crops can grow normally, and supply the New Year's Day, the Spring Festival, and the spring market in the coming year. It is necessary to disinfect the shed and fasten the agricultural film in advance, and install a 50-mesh insect net at the tuyere and door of the shed to block the pests from entering the shed. 15 days before planting, fertilize the whole land, apply more than 5,000 kilograms of high-quality decomposed and finely divided high-quality organic fertilizer per acre, and apply 3,000 kilograms of bio-organic fertilizer or commercial organic fertilizer if the organic fertilizer source is difficult. Fine land preparation, leveling, leveling, Loose, unclear and dark; make sorghum 20 cm above the ground, cover the mulch, promote the integration of drip irrigation under the membrane and water and fertilizer, which is conducive to water saving and improve fertilizer utilization; In the dark water-saving irrigation method, a V-shaped watering ditch is used to cover the mulch between the two rows of the fixed planting surface, and watering from the sub-membrane ditch in the winter is beneficial to reduce the indoor air humidity and reduce the occurrence of diseases. It should be planted in the afternoon on a sunny day. The planting should be consistent in depth and density. The “Golden shed 11†tomato variety is suitable for about 3000 plants per mu, with an average row spacing of 70-75 cm and a plant spacing of 30-35 cm. Timely watering the planted water. Sowing of wintering root leeks The overwintering roots of spinach and shallots planted in the open field are most suitable for sowing in late September, and the sowing dates for winter wheat are basically the same. The farmer said that “autumn is early, cold is late, and autumn is planted at the timeâ€. If the planting is too early, the seedlings are too strong when wintering, and the cold resistance is weak; if the seeding is too late, the seedlings are too small, which is not conducive to the safe wintering of the seedlings, and the yield is low. It is necessary to fertilize the land in advance, and apply 3,000 kg of decomposed and fine-grained high-quality organic fertilizer or more than 2,000 kg of commercial organic fertilizer per mu; spinach should use varieties such as “Pinza No.1†with good cold resistance, and the amount of seed per acre is 3.5-4 kg. . After the ploughing is leveled, it is made into a flat 1.3-1.5 m wide, which is about 10 meters long. The sowing method of seeding or spreading should be done evenly, the soil cover should be uniform, and the lyrics should be appropriate. Facility vegetable management and harvesting critical period The plastic greenhouse vegetables grown in Qiuyin are in the harvest period. The greenhouse vegetables are the seedling growth period and flowering period, which is the key period of field management. â—†Adjusting suitable growth environment conditions Temperature, light and indoor air humidity are important environmental conditions for crop growth and development. Entering the autumnal festival, the temperature changes frequently, and the temperature difference between day and night is large. It is necessary to adjust the indoor temperature in time by opening and closing the air outlet with the change of external temperature. The suitable temperature for tomato and other thermophilic vegetables is 23 °C-28 °C during the day and 15 °C-18 °C during the night; the suitable temperature for celery and other cold vegetables is 20 °C-22 °C during the day and 10 °C-12 °C during the night. Tomato, cucumber and other light crops must ensure that the transmittance of the shed film is higher than 60%. It is best to replace the new film with the function of dripping and defrosting, and switch the old film to the sweet pepper or leaf vegetable shed. According to different crops to adjust the relative humidity of different indoors, tomato and eggplant are suitable for relatively dry environment, the relative humidity is 45%-50%; the conditions of sweet pepper, cucumber and leafy vegetables are moist, and the indoors should be adjusted by air and watering. humidity. â—†Scientific watering, topdressing crops should be seeded for 10-15 days after the seedlings are planted in the greenhouse. Control the watering to promote root growth and lowering. When the young fruit sits and begins to expand, it will be watered and topdressed. The fruits of greenhouse crops grow rapidly, and the water transpiration of leaves is large. It is necessary to properly water and top dress according to weather, soil moisture and plant growth. It is advisable to apply instant fertilizer such as "Christmas tree" with comprehensive nutrition and reasonable ratio with drip irrigation, and it is suitable for 5-8 kg per mu. Foliar spray once every 7-10 days to quickly replenish the nutrients needed for growth. â—†Pruning and smashing, thinning and thinning, timely removing old leaves, yellow leaves and side branches of plants, and eliminating excessive fruits and deformed fruits; the fruits of autumn greenhouse tomatoes after September 20 are generally not mature, so should Leave early. â—† Do a good job in the prevention and control of pests and diseases. Prevention and control of tomato yellow leaf curl virus disease and late blight, cucumber downy mildew and pests such as whitefly, red spider, and sassafras. Tomato late blight and cucumber downy mildew are the most susceptible to disease in low temperature and high humidity growth environment. Therefore, it is necessary to avoid such an environment during cultivation and management, and close the tuyere in time after rainfall. â—† Timely harvesting can not only improve the commodity rate, but also prevent the fruit from falling and affecting the plant to continue the result. Take it lightly when harvesting, avoid damage to the fruit, and sell it according to different specifications. Chinese cabbage production forms a critical period In the early autumn, the cabbage was planted in the early stage of the Baoxin. The cabbage planted in the early stage was entered into the middle of the package, which was the key period for the production. It is necessary to do topdressing and watering to ensure a balanced supply of nutrients and water. Generally, water is poured at intervals of 7-10 days, and 10 kg of nitrous phosphorus-containing ternary liquid fertilizer is applied per acre with water. The cabbage is harvested successively from the end of September to mid-October, and should be stopped 20 days before harvesting. top dressing. Foliar spray fertilizer is applied every 7 days or so, and the functional fertilizers such as Lei Li 2000 are effective, so as to quickly supplement nutrition and promote growth. Do a good job in the prevention and control of pests such as downy mildew, soft rot, cabbage caterpillar, and aphids. Radish, carrot, mustard Timely watering and fertilizing All kinds of radish and mustard grown in the open field are in the period of succulent root expansion. Firstly, water should be watered in time to ensure uniform water supply. Do not make the soil excessively dry, nor do you have too much watering at one time. The radish with a small amount of base fertilizer can be used. 6-10 kg of organic liquid fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium per acre with water; followed by timely control of aphids, cabbage caterpillars and viruses, soft rot and other pests and diseases. Seeding and colonization of open field vegetables In the greenhouses, greenhouses and other facilities and open areas suitable for sowing or planting rapeseed, wormwood, lettuce, spinach, coriander, celery, cherry radish and other fast-cooking leaves and root vegetables, harvested in 30-50 days. Rape, celery and lettuce are taken in advance by seedling transplanting; spinach, sage, fennel, cherry radish, etc. are directly seeded. Colonization and sowing of cold-tolerant vegetables The solar greenhouse with poor insulation performance is suitable for planting vegetables with good cold tolerance such as cabbage, cauliflower, lettuce, celery, lettuce, white radish, spinach, rapeseed, and cover vegetables. The autumn festival is the time for planting and sowing. It is necessary to clean the pasture in advance, remove the residual plants, rotten leaves and weeds from the front, and transport them to the designated place for high-temperature disinfection and ozone treatment; apply 3,000 kg of decomposed and finely divided organic fertilizer or 2000 kg of bio-organic fertilizer per acre. After mixing with the soil, the radish is made into sorghum and directly planted. Lettuce, cover vegetables and rapeseed take the way of seedling transplanting. Choose sunny days and plant in the afternoon, plant in accordance with the standard of deep and shallow, reasonable density, timely watering the planting water. Green onions harvested in time Entering the lunar calendar in August, the early planting of green onions can be harvested one after another. The farmer said: “August onion and September is emptyâ€, indicating that the harvest will affect its commerciality, so it should be harvested according to market demand. It is not possible to timely watering and control pests such as thrips in the harvest period. Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If legal rights of third parties are involved, please inform this website. phone Water Fire Extinguisher,Water Mist Fire Extinguisher,Water Type Fire Extinguisher,Water Based Fire Extinguisher NINGBO TOMAN IMP. & EXP. CO., LTD , https://www.tdotmfiresolution.com
Autumn harvest vegetables grow well