Achyranthes cultivation and management
Achyranthes sinensis is also called Achyranthes bidentata, herbaceous grass, perennial herb, and root medicine. Its root cylindrical, yellowish surface, there are scattered phlegm, liver and kidney, strong bones and muscles, indications sore throat, hypertension, rheumatism, etc., can be cultivated throughout the country. Now the cultivation techniques are described as follows: I. Growth environment Achylica is warm and climate-friendly, it is not tolerant to cold, the temperature is low and growth is slow, but it grows faster in the greater temperature difference in the north. Achyranthes is suitable for cultivation in sandy loam where the sun is relatively dry, the soil is deep and the drainage is good, so that the root grows long and the yield is high. In the clay planting, the main root is short and the lateral roots are numerous, affecting the quality. The depth of Achyranthes reaches 0.6-1 meters, so it requires deep plowing 0.5-0.7 meters. Before composting, it uses 4,000 kg of compost or fertilizer and 40 kg of superphosphate per acre. Second, the breeding method Achyranthes seeds breeding. In the season of harvesting roots, it is advisable to select medium-sized plants with high and medium height, dense branchlets, leafy hypertrophy, and robust plants. There should be no more than three reed heads, and the color should be white. When the winter is over, the selected roots are buried underground and will be planted and planted at the beginning of April next year. The species of Achyranthes should be planted in the new cropland, perform basic fertilizers, and strengthen management. After the seeds mature, they can be dried and removed. Third, sowing Achyranthes seed germination rate is generally 80%, the suitable temperature is 21-23 °C. There is enough humidity, and it can emerge after 4-5 days after sowing. The sowing should not be too early or too late. When it is too early, the above-ground part grows faster, the flowering and seeding are more, the roots tend to bifurcate, and the quality is not good; when it is too late, the plants are short and stunted and the yield is low. So timely sowing is very important. The Jianghuai valley is generally sown in early July. Seeding method is generally used for drilling, according to row spacing of 33 cm, open line ditch 2 cm, the seeds evenly sprinkled in the ditch and cover the soil, sowing about 1 kg per acre. Fourth, management 1, Dingmiao and loose soil weeding. When the seedling height 7-10 cm combined with loose soil weeding by 7 cm from the plant spacing, until the seedlings 17-20 cm when the planting distance of 13-17 cm. Achyranthes should not be ploughed, and shallow soil can be used when weeding. 2, topping. In order to increase tuber yield, proper mossing was performed according to the growth of plants to reduce bolting. When the branches and leaves are 67 centimeters high, the spikes at the top are cut off, and the branches cannot be left short. The height of the plant is about 33-50 cm. Longer then cut off, usually cut twice, and finally leave the plant 50 centimeters. 3, irrigation and drainage. Watering should be done 1-2 times at seeding and seedling stage. If there is more rain, pay attention to drainage. The rapid development of the roots of Achyranthes is in September, and it can be properly watered during drought to grow the roots. 4. Pest control. Diseases mainly include white rust and leaf spot. The main manifestation of white rust is a white, sickle-like lesion on the leaf's abaxial surface. The manifestation of leaf spot disease is the appearance of brown lesions on the affected leaves. The prevention and control method is to clear the garden after harvesting and treat the diseased plants in a concentrated manner; it is also possible to spray 1:1:120 Bordeaux mixture once every 10 days and spray 2-3 times. Insect pests are mainly larvae of ulnar maggots that bite leaves and tender stems. Control method is to spray 90% trichlorfon 800-1000 times in the first and second instar larvae. V. Harvesting and Processing Achyranthes are excavated during winter when stems and leaves wither. At the time of harvest, dig a ditch near the side of the plant, 50 cm wide and 1.2 m deep, then dig to the root and do not plan to cut. After digging out the roots, remove the above-ground parts and fibrous roots, remove the dirt, put a few roots together, and put it on the rope to wrinkle it. Smoke it several times with sulphur, hit the tip of the hair, and smoke it again. Finally tie into a small, and then cut it. Generally about 400 kilograms of dry roots per mu are produced. China Agricultural Network Editor